Pigs are four-season breeding animals. During pig production, high temperatures often lead to estrus or regrowth. The sow fertility rate of sows will be significantly lower than that of autumn and winter. The number of litter size will decrease, the number of weak litters will increase, and the occurrence of abortion and stillbirth will increase, which will seriously affect the economic benefits of raising pigs.

Nutritional factors

During the hot season, the pig's activity and feed intake decreased. The nutrients needed for sow breeding were especially insufficient for vitamin intake; or vitamins in high-temperature feed were destroyed, while fat-soluble vitamin A and vitamin E were maintained. The basic and effective vitamins for normal reproductive activity of sows, or the incomplete supply of nutrients for feed, moldy feeds, and the lack of green feed can cause ovulation patterns in sows to be disordered, and show signs of ecstasy or irregular estrus. The phenomenon, thus affecting mating and conception.

Ambient temperature factor

When the ambient temperature exceeds 30°C, the boar's sperm quality will be affected. The higher the ambient temperature, the lower the sperm quality. If the temperature is too high, it may lead to a decrease in the sexual desire of the boar and increase in dead sperm and weak sperm. If the mating time of the sow is not properly grasped, the sow can easily cause infertility. This reason is the main factor that leads to a low conception rate of sows during the hot season.

Insufficient exercise

Hot weather, relatively reduced amount of breeding pigs, coupled with the majority of pig farms using breeding stalls breeding bar, the amount of exercise is even less. Too little boar exercise can lead to decreased semen motility, which affects sow fertility. The lack of exercise capacity of the sow will affect the normal estrus of the sow, and at the same time it will make the sow's limbs weak and affect the fertilization.

The cause of the disease

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. Predominantly pregnant sows and one-month-old piglets are susceptible to infection. Sows show weight loss, anorexia, blue ears and abdomen, premature birth, stillbirths, and weak births.

Parvovirus disease. The disease affects the reproductive performance of sows. Empty sows can affect the normal estrus of the sow, and part of the sows will show persistent estrus. Early infection of the sow maternal will cause some embryos to die early and be absorbed by the mother. The sow does not show sympathetic symptoms and does not become pregnant. The sow's mid-term pregnancy infection will cause some of the fetus to die midway. Fetal water is absorbed by maternal, sows's abdominal circumference is reduced, or stillbirths, weak or mummy, or a few live pigs are born; sows are infected after 70 days of pregnancy, sows can produce part of live pigs, and piglets become poisonous and become new Source of infection.

Atypical swine fever. The disease will lead to a decline in the immune system of the pigs, and cause breeding production obstacles for the sows. Pregnancy of sows 10 days before infection can lead to early embryo death or absorption by the mother. The sows have regrowth or reduced number of litters; sows who are pregnant for 10 days to 15 days of infection will increase the number of stillbirths; during late pregnancy, infection will occur. Fatal births, weak births, poor growth and development of postpartum fetuses; sows are infected about 1 day before birth, piglets can survive, but severely affect growth and development.

Japanese encephalitis. The disease is mainly spread by mosquitoes and flies, and occurs frequently in summer. After boar infection, the main symptom is orchitis, sexual dysfunction, and decreased semen quality; acute abortion after sow infection, and sow production, showing difficulty in breeding, miscarriage, fetal birth.

Pseudorabies. The disease infected sows that were pregnant for more than 60 days. The sows themselves were asymptomatic, normal in the morning, aborted in the afternoon, returned to normal the next day, and can also cause stillbirth.

Brucellosis. The disease is easy to infect adult boars and adult sows. It can lead to acute and chronic orchitis and epididymitis in boars. Inferior spermatozoa, dead sperm, and weak sperm affect semen quality, resulting in miscarriage of sows, producing stillbirths and weak fetuses.

Toxoplasmosis. The disease will cause miscarriage of sows, produce stillbirths and weak ones, and cause postpartum acute death of piglets.

Sow reproductive tract infections. The main reason is that the sanitary conditions are poor, the disinfection is not timely, the sow's midwifery, vaginitis, and other reproductive tract diseases cause damage to the sow's birth canal due to inappropriate delivery methods or improper treatment. Oestrus, estrus is not normal, repeated infertility or pregnant sows abortion.

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