Clay

In general, clay has high organic matter content, strong fertilizer retention performance, and nutrients are not easy to lose, but its permeability is poor, fertilizer efficiency is slow to release after fertilization, and crop rooting is difficult. People often call this soil “old seedlings do not grow seedlings”. This kind of cold soil, organic matter decomposition and mineralization is slow, so it should be used to fully decompose the farm fertilizer, the best horse manure, sheep manure and other hot fertilizer as a base fertilizer.

When applying chemical fertilizers, the buffer capacity of the land is large, and the fertilizer retention performance is strong. If one-time use is more than one, it will not result in the loss of burned seedlings or nutrients. It is advisable to adopt early-stage chemical fertilizers as early as possible, and it is advisable to reduce the number of applications by “taking more meals and less meals”. However, nitrogen fertilizers should not be used excessively, so as to avoid over-exploitation of fertilizer effects in the later period, so that the crops appear late-maturing lust, resulting in reduced production.

The clay texture is heavy and has strong adsorption and fixing ability for nutrients, and the nutrient diffusion rate in the soil solution is slow. Therefore, we must pay attention to the location of fertilizer application, such as applying phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer should be as close as possible to the root system, and timely cultivating loose soil, enhance the permeability of the soil, pay attention to timely watering, water to adjust fertilizer, improve fertilizer efficiency.

Sandy soil

Sandy soil has loose texture, coarse grains, and low soil nutrient content. It does not retain water and nutrients. It is better to apply mixed fertilizers and organic fertilizers, or to return straw to the fields, or to plant green manure to turn over at appropriate times to cultivate fertility and improve soil structure year by year. .

In the application of chemical fertilizers, it is not possible to apply more fertilizer at one time, and it is easy to lose more and apply multiple principles. In addition, fertilizers with small leachability, such as ammonium nitrogen and potassium fertilizers, should be applied. The application of chemical fertilizers is preferably performed by means of concentrated application such as furrow application or acupuncture. In order to improve the sandy soil, soil fertilization can also be used to preserve nutrients and improve sandy soil. Organic fertilizers should be applied deeply, such as shallow application and decomposition or decomposition. Sand soil should use cold manure such as cow dung and pig manure as base fertilizer to gradually improve the soil quality.

Loam

Loam is a kind of soil with good agronomic traits. Its permeability, water retention and fertility, and potential nutrient content are between sandy soil and clay. It is suitable for the growth of various types of crops, generally according to the output requirements and the growing period of crops. Appropriate amount of fertilizer.

In principle, it is necessary to combine long-acting fertilizer with short-acting fertilizer, combining organic fertilizer with chemical fertilizer, combining large amount of element fertilizer with trace element fertilizer, and combining nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizer.

Paddy field and dry land

Due to the movement of water, the paddy field will take away the nutrients in the solution, making it difficult for the applied fertilizer to accumulate in the soil and cause nutrient deficiency. At the same time, the moisture in the soil can also dilute the applied fertilizer, so even if it is near the root of the crop, it will not harm the root system of the crop. Apply chlorine-containing fertilizers such as ammonium chloride and potassium chloride to paddy fields, and do not worry about the accumulation of chloride ions in the soil. However, due to the existence of water layer in paddy fields, it is easy to make the soil lack of oxygen. Under the condition of insufficient supply, it will produce some organic and inorganic poisons. For example, the applied organic fertilizer accumulates organic acids under anaerobic decomposition conditions.

Therefore, in the selection of organic fertilizers in paddy fields, it is necessary to pay attention to the use of sufficiently mature organic fertilizers, otherwise excessive reducing substances will be produced. At the same time, due to the vigorous activity of anaerobic bacteria, the consumption of oxygen in the water will increase, and the soil will be further deprived of oxygen, resulting in damage to the root system of the crop. In paddy fields, some organic materials, such as nitrogen, sulfur, iron, manganese, etc., will be in the form of hydrogen sulfide in the form of low-cost forms, ie, nitrogen as nitrous acid, iron as ferrous iron, manganese as manganese and sulfur. Therefore, in the application of nitrogen fertilizer in paddy fields, nitrates and potassium sulfate and other types of fertilizers should not be used. This is because the former is the nutrient that is most soluble and moves the fastest in the water. In addition to being easily leached, it is also prone to the formation of toxic nitrite and causes denitrification, resulting in loss of nitrogen. The use of ammonium fertilizers in paddy fields, due to its relatively stable and full use of fertilizer efficiency.

In contrast to paddy fields, dry land fertilization will not only result in leaching of nutrients, but also allow nutrients to gradually accumulate in the soil, and can easily cause excessive salt concentrations. Therefore, dry land should not be fertilized near the root of the plant.

At the same time, because sulfate reacts with calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate in the soil solution, insoluble calcium sulfate can be generated without increasing the salt concentration of the soil, and chloride ions in potassium chloride can react with calcium sulfate in the soil. The formation of calcium chloride soluble in water increases the salt concentration of the soil solution. Furthermore, drylands are not as prone to denitrification as in paddy fields. In addition, nitrate-nitrified crops should be grown in drylands. Therefore, it is appropriate to choose nitrates such as ammonium nitrate and compound fertilizers based on ammonium nitrate in drylands.

Saline soil

Saline-alkali soil is a general term for saline soils and alkaline earths. Saline soils mainly refer to salinized soils containing higher chlorides or sulfates. The soil is alkaline, but the pH is not necessarily high. Alkaline soils are carbonates or heavy phosphates. In soil, the pH is alkaline. Saline-alkali soil has low organic matter content, low soil fertility, and poor physical and chemical properties. It has many harmful cations and cations, and it is not easy to promote seedling growth.

The principle of fertilizing saline-alkali soil is to use organic fertilizers and high-efficiency compound fertilizers to control the use of low-concentration fertilizers. Organic manure contains a large amount of organic matter, and it has a buffer effect on harmful cations and cations in the soil, which is conducive to rooting and keeping seedlings. High-efficiency compound fertilizers have less ineffective components and less residues, but they cannot be used too much for each application, so as to avoid aggravating the secondary salinization of the soil. Fertilizer should be promptly filled with water to reduce the concentration of soil solution.

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Shandong Chunyu Water-saving Irrigation Equipment Co., Ltd., founded in 2011, is located in Laiwu High-tech Zone, Jinan City. It is a high-tech enterprise focusing on innovative and efficient emitter mold manufacturing and emitter product research and development and production. After nearly ten years of innovation and development, it is the invisible champion enterprise in Shandong Province, and now it is in a leading position in this field in China.

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Shandong Spring Rain Water Saving Irrigation Equipment Co.,Ltd. , https://www.drippermould.com