The heart is chilly and afraid of heat. In the storage, the buds are easy to grow up and open. The green leaves of the stem base are easy to age. Therefore, the cabbage heart requires stable low temperature conditions after harvesting, and at the same time, pay attention to moisturizing to reduce the loss of water and wilting of the leaves, and prevent Stem cut discoloration rot.

1, harvest and grading

The standard for the harvest of cabbage is generally that the height of the dish is flush with the apex of the loquat leaf. The initial bud is commonly known as “Qikou flower”, and the quality is better. Harvesting is too early and the vegetables are too tender to affect production. Late harvesting has resulted in more fibers and poorer quality. The harvesting should be carried out in the morning. The harvested vegetables are vegetables that are harvested many times. Mature batches are harvested in one batch. The harvesting period and harvesting period can be harvested on alternate days, and the harvesting period is harvested once a day. The method of harvesting is to only accept the Lord's ancestors and cut off the calyx from the base of the plants in 2 to 3 knots; if the side pods can be harvested, they shall be cut from the base of the plants at 3 to 4 knots during harvesting of the main pods. The buds are sprouted by the left axillary buds and harvested later. The cabbages are picked on the side while being picked, yellow leaves and diseased leaves are removed, and the baskets are sorted according to the thickness and length of the flowers.

2, pre-cooling

After selection and grading, the cabbage heart is placed in a basket of clean plastic (10245, 35.00, 0.34%), preferably in a vacuum precooler or at a low temperature of -17 degrees Celsius, and pre-cooled when the conditions are limited. Pre-cooling in the cold storage at ~5 degrees Celsius, so that the product temperature as soon as possible below 5 degrees Celsius, pre-cooling the surface layer and the upper basket is best covered with a layer of wet towels are moisturized.

3, packaging and storage

After the pre-cooling, the cabbages are packed in a polystyrene foam box or a cardboard box with a plastic film bag as an inner package, and stored and transported at a temperature of 1 to 2 degrees Celsius and a relative humidity of 90% to 95%. Through the above comprehensive measures, Caixin can be preserved for more than 20 days. If you need to store for a longer period of time, use bactericidal preservatives for preservation and preservation before packaging. Pay attention to the transportation of Chinese cabbage, whether road, sea or air, should be kept at a low temperature. When using a refrigerated truck or a refrigerated container, the temperature should be reduced to 1 to 3 degrees Celsius before loading, and the loading and unloading time should be faster. The better. In the short-term transportation without refrigeration equipment, an ice pack must be placed inside the packing box to control the temperature.

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Plant extraction process

1. Select plants/medicinal materials. It is nothing more than ancient prescriptions, proven prescriptions, and folk medicinal herbs. At present, common and uncommon medicinal materials have been studied. Most of the time, the amount of medicinal materials has been increased to extract low-isolated components, or medicinal plants have not been studied from Miao medicine, Tibetan medicine, Mongolian medicine, Africa, Latin America and other places.

2. Extract. Solvent petroleum ether, n-hexane, cyclohexane, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, acetone, ethanol, methanol, water (small polarity → large polarity). Daily decoction of medicines is effective, use water and ethanol and other solvents with high polarity. Artemisinin and other boiling methods are not effective, use petroleum ether and other solvents with low polarity. The common medicinal materials, water/alcohol/ether, are presented again, and more compounds can be separated and identified.

3. Separation. This is the most important task. There are dozens of compounds in the solution extracted in the second step. Generally, column chromatography is used, which is what we often call column flushing. The workload is large, boring, and low-tech. A master's degree may do this every day for 2 years of experimentation. As shown in the figure below, the column for separating compounds is as large as 2 meters high and as small as 10 cm. Change the solvent conditions of the mobile phase, change the material of the column, and repeatedly wash the column under different conditions and separation principles to separate the monomer compound.

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