Pharmacological effects

1, anticoagulant effect

Mulberry leaf extract can significantly prolong the whole blood clotting time in mice and significantly prolong the activated partial thromboplastin (APTI) time, prothrombin time (PT) and thrombin (TT) time in rabbit plasma. Because the initiation of the coagulation process is exogenous and endogenous, APTI reflects the activity of the endogenous coagulation pathway, PT reflects the activity of the exogenous coagulation pathway, and TT reflects the common pathway between the two, namely thrombin activity. This shows that mulberry leaves have a direct inhibitory effect on thrombin-fibrinogen response.

2, lower blood pressure

Rutin, quercetin, and quercetin in mulberry leaves can increase the contractility and output of isolated and inward frog hearts, and reduce heart rate. Rutin causes vasoconstriction of the lower limbs and rabbit ears. Quercetin can expand coronary vessels and improve myocardial circulation. Γ-aminobutyric acid, rutin, quercetin have the effect of lowering blood pressure. Γ-aminobutyric acid is a neurotransmitter that promotes brain metabolism and restores brain cell function. At the same time, it can improve blood flow in the brain, increase the activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme I, and promote blood pressure drop.

3, lowering blood fat, cholesterol, anti-thrombosis and anti-atherosclerosis

Mulberry leaves can inhibit the formation of fatty liver, reduce serum fat and inhibit the formation of atherosclerosis. The active ingredients include DNJ, phytosterols, flavonoids and the like.

Mulberry leaves contain flavonoids that strengthen blood capillaries and reduce blood viscosity. In addition, mulberry tea contains components that oxidize LDL-lipoproteins in antibodies. Therefore, mulberry leaves have a role in preventing weight loss and improving hyperlipidemia. The role of infarction and cerebral hemorrhage. Japanese expert Doi Jiacha confirmed that extracts of mulberry leaves have an inhibitory effect on serum lipids and atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemia. Mulberry tea can significantly increase serum HDL-C and HDL-C/TC in hyperlipidemic rats (p<0.05), total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, triacylglycerol ( TG) was significantly lower (p<0.05) and lipid peroxides (LPO) were significantly lower (p<0.001), indicating that mulberry tea can lower blood lipids, soften blood vessels, and eliminate peroxides in the body, thus affecting hyperlipidemia serum lipids. Increased quality and atherosclerosis have inhibitory effects (Huang Daiqing et al., 1995).

4, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory effect

Mulberry juice has good growth inhibitory effects on most Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and some yeasts (Fan Lisheng, 2001). And the required antibacterial concentration is low, the pH range is wide (4~9), and the thermal stability is strong. Rutin in the mulberry can significantly inhibit traumatic edema in rats, and can prevent the development of conjunctivitis, ear inflammation, pulmonary edema. Mulberry leaves have a strong anti-inflammatory effect, consistent with the effects of wind and heat (Chen Fujun et al., 1995)

5, anti-virus, anti-tumor effect

Mulberry leaves can prevent the formation of cancer cells and improve human immunity. The main functional components are DNJ, flavonoids, mulberry, γ-aminobutyric acid and vitamins, which can inhibit chromosome mutations and gene mutations. DNJ has significant anti-retroviral activity (Tierney, 1995). The IG30 was 1.2~2.5 μg/mL, and the inhibitory power was increased with the increase of DNJ dose (Ouyang Ye, 2003). The inhibitory rate of DNJ on tumor metastasis is 80.5%, and its inhibitory mechanism may be that DNI inhibits glucosidase activity to generate immature carbohydrate chains on the tumor cell surface, impairing the tumor metastasis capacity.

Korean scholar Kim (2000) found that the two flavonoids quercetin-3-β-D glucopyranoside and quercetin-3-7-dioxy-β-D-glucopyranoside were isolated from mulberry leaves. The growth of human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) showed a significant inhibitory effect. The mulberry in the mulberry leaves has anti-cancer activity, and the vitamins in the mulberry leaves have the original effect of inhibiting mutation.

6, anti-aging, anti-fatigue effect

The Institute of Clinical Pharmacology at Zhejiang University passed a four-year experiment (Zhao Lijun et al., 2004) and confirmed that mulberry leaves have replenishing and anti-aging effects similar to those of ginseng. Ginseng is a hot supplement, while mulberry leaf is a clear supplement, no limit, no matter young or old can be used, and all seasons.

In addition, quercetin, phenolic compounds, and vitamin C contained in mulberry leaves can prevent oxidative damage by inhibiting or eliminating free radicals. Mulberry leaves have functions similar to ginseng's replenishing and anti-aging and stabilizing nervous system functions. It can relieve the emotional changes caused by physiological changes, increase the activity of superoxide dismutase in the body, prevent the production of harmful substances in the body, reduce or eliminate the occurrence of Lipofuscin accumulated in the body (Huang Dong et al., 2000). Mulberry leaves can increase the tolerance of mice to high-temperature stimuli and prevent the adrenal cortex from being depressed due to stress stimuli, and when the adrenal glands are low, mulberry leaves can return to normal. Mulberry can prolong the time of swimming and rotarod of mice, enhance the endurance of organisms, and prolong the lifespan of fruit flies. It can effectively remove the superoxide anion produced by biological oxidation and has the effect of delaying aging (Tang et al., 2000).

7, anti-filariasis effect

Single mulberry leaf injection has anti-filariasis effect, and mulberry leaf can be used to treat filariasis elephantiasis and chyluria (Yao Lianchu, 1996; Wang Peiyi, 1999). Its mechanism of action may be that the mulberry contains rutin, Quercetin, isoquercetin, coumarin, chlorogenic acid, etc. The combined results of anti-inflammatory, swelling, soft tissue and antibacterial effects.

9, antispasmodic, antiulcer effect

Quercetin in mulberry leaves can reduce the tension of intestinal and bronchial smooth muscles, and its antispasmodic effect is stronger than rutin. Rutoside can reduce the gastric motor function of rats and relieve the intestinal smooth muscle spasm caused by strontium chloride. Subcutaneous injection Rutin 5~10 mg/kg can significantly reduce the number of lesions caused by pylorus-induced gastric ulcer in rats (Xu Ailiang et al., 2005).

9, Beauty

Mulberry leaf is a mulberry frosted leaf of mulberry plant. According to traditional Chinese medicine, mulberry leaves are bitter, sweet, cold, and have the effect of dispersing heat and clearing the liver and clear eyesight. Studies have shown that mulberry leaves have a good skin cosmetic effect, especially for facial acne, brown spots have a better effect.

Acne, commonly known as acne, is an inflammatory skin disease common in young people. After the young men and women enter the puberty period, the level of sex hormones in the body increases, which promotes hyperplasia of sebaceous glands, increases secretion of sebaceous glands, causes sebum deposition, blocks the hair follicles, and the increased sebum cannot be discharged in time to form hemorrhoids. The occurrence of acne, although mainly due to endocrine changes in adolescence, is caused by a relative increase in the secretion of androgens from estrogen. However, high fat, high sugar diet, long-term constipation, etc. are important causes of acne. Chinese medicine believes that eating overgrown spicy food, the spleen and stomach heat and wet, exogenous evils infringe the skin and produce acne. As mulberry leaves have the effect of clearing away heat and detoxification, mulberry leaf decoction has been used to treat 258 acne cases, and its effectiveness has reached over 89%. The specific method is to take 50 grams of fresh mulberry leaves each day and take three times of fried water. Generally, it will take 15 days to take effect. Some people also used fresh mulberry leaves, smashed, and applied acne at 30 minutes a day, and they also achieved satisfactory results.

10, detoxification

Mulberry has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, heat-clearing and detoxifying effects. The DNJ minerals contained in mulberry leaves can relax the bowels, improve constipation, and effectively relieve toxin accumulation in the body.

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