In recent years, the quality and safety events of agricultural products such as “bulking agent” watermelon and “contraceptive cucumber” have made the quality and safety of agricultural products extremely sensitive. At the same time, some law-breakers have listened to hearsay, and even deliberately spread fake agricultural products and safety issues. They have caused the farmers and fruit farmers to suffer economic damage. This has caused consumers to be suspicious, and they have even been afraid to buy easily.

Whether the "problem" fruits and vegetables in the market really used plant hormones and the safety of agricultural products that used plant hormones were not safe, the director of the Agricultural Quality Standard Institute of the Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the agricultural product quality and safety expert group of the Ministry of Agriculture Member Wang Qiang, director of the Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Risk Assessment Laboratory (Hangzhou) of the Ministry of Agriculture, answered the questions about the functional role of plant growth regulators and the quality and safety of agricultural products.

Xinhua Food: What is a plant growth regulator? Is it hormone?

Wang Qiang: Plant growth regulators are agricultural inputs that regulate and control the growth and development of plants. They are completely different from animal hormones and have no effect on human growth and development.

Plant growth regulators are agricultural inputs that regulate and control the growth and development of plants and are classified as one of the four major classes of pesticides under management, either by artificial synthesis or by microbial fermentation, but also from plants. Direct extraction, commonly known as plant hormones.

Hormones are essential for the growth and development of organisms. The lack of hormones or hormones will directly affect the normal growth and development of organisms. Plant hormones work on plants, animal hormones regulate the growth and development of animals, and their target and mechanism of action are completely different. Plant growth regulators are also called plant exogenous hormones. Their effects are the same as or similar to the plant endogenous hormones produced in plants. However, they are completely different from animal hormones and have no effect on human growth and development.

Xinhua Food: Why Use Plant Growth Regulators? Is it necessary to use plant growth regulators for every vegetable and fruit production?

Wang Qiang: The use of plant growth regulators can achieve the objectives of increasing yield, improving quality, and promoting ripening, but not all agricultural products require the use of plant growth regulators.

Plant growth regulators can increase the yield by promoting or inhibiting the growth or fruit ripening of stems, leaves, roots, buds, flowers, flowering and fruit preserving or thinning and thinning fruits, advancing or prolonging dormancy, and promoting fruit enlargement. To improve quality and promote maturation, some of the agricultural products need to use plant growth regulators in the production process in order to achieve their best production performance and nutritional quality performance.

In agricultural production, most crops can rely on their own endogenous plant hormone activity, and achieve high-yield and high-quality goals through variety, cultivation, fertilization, and disease prevention and pest control measures. Only a few plant endogenous hormones are insufficient to regulate. Plant growth regulators are used when controlling the expected growth and development of plants, so not all agricultural products require the use of plant growth regulators.

Xinhua Food: Do not use plant growth regulators abroad?

Wang Qiang: Plant growth regulators are widely used throughout the world, including developed countries such as the United States, the European Union, and Japan.

Plant growth regulators have been widely used throughout the world as a technical measure for high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency agriculture. Including the United States, the European Union, Japan and other developed countries, there are about 40 kinds of plant growth regulators currently in use around the world, such as ethephon, gibberellic acid, naphthaleneacetic acid, indolebutyric acid, paclobutrazol, chlormequat, etc. In fruits, vegetables, potatoes, soybeans and other crops. For example, the EU has registered 26 active ingredients and 197 formulated products, allowing these plant growth regulators to be used on crops within the scope of registration.

Xinhua Food: How is China's use of plant growth regulators managed?

Wang Qiang: According to the pesticide management regulations, production, operation and use can only be carried out after obtaining pesticide registrations and obtaining production licenses.

At present, 38 kinds of plant growth regulators have been registered for use in China. Nearly 10 types of plant growth regulators, including ethephon, 2,4-D and gibberellic acid, are commonly used in some crops such as fruits and vegetables.

According to China's "Pesticide Management Regulations," plant growth regulators are managed according to pesticides. According to the pesticide management regulations, production, operation and use can only be carried out after obtaining the registration and obtaining the production license. China's registration requirements for plant growth regulators are very stringent. A large number of trials are required before registration, and strict review and scientific evaluation are conducted in terms of product quality, efficacy, toxicology, residues, environmental impact, etc. Only a variety of tests prove that it has a comparative advantage. Only when it is effective, safe to humans and animals, and environment friendly can registration be approved.

At the same time, China has established 73 maximum residue limits for 12 plant growth regulators in 47 agricultural products and foods, and added plant growth regulator residues to the routine monitoring and risk assessment of agricultural product quality and safety. The safety of growth regulators after use is monitored and tracked to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products.

Xinhua Food: Are there any plant growth regulator residues in the vegetables and fruits we eat everyday? Will it exceed the standard?

Wang Qiang: At present, the monitoring of plant growth regulator residues is in good condition. No excessive samples have been found in the market monitoring. The listed products meet the requirements of national food safety standards.

Plant growth regulators use very little and degrade quickly. They are used at the flowering stage and fruit setting stage. The interval between harvesting and harvesting is relatively long. Generally, the residues in mature and harvested agricultural products are very low, even if individual products have Residues are also minimal. In addition, most of the crops do not use plant growth regulators, so there will be no plant growth regulator residues in the listed vegetables and fruits.

From the Ministry of Agriculture's monitoring and evaluation of residues of plant growth regulators in agricultural products, only a few samples of plant growth regulators remain in the harvested agricultural products. Even if individual samples are detected, the residual amount is very low. In the state of inability to detect, it is far lower than the national residue limit value of food safety standards. The market monitoring did not find samples with excessive levels of residue, which all met the national statutory food safety requirements. Internationally, there have been no food safety incidents related to plant growth regulator residues.

Xinhua Food: Is it safe to eat vegetables and fruits that use plant growth regulators?

Wang Qiang: At home and abroad, there has never been any case of food poisoning caused by eating agricultural products that use plant growth regulators.

Due to the low toxicity and dosage of plant growth regulators, and the excessive use of the plant growth regulators is ineffective or even produces side effects, it is almost impossible to over-produce them in production. Monitoring results of agricultural products in large-harvest period show that there are basically no plant growth regulator residues in the marketed agricultural products or The amount of residue is extremely small. Therefore, even if we occasionally eat agricultural products that have used plant growth regulators, as long as their residues do not exceed the standards, they are safe.

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