Boletus Processing Technology
1. Post-harvest treatment (1) Selection of mushrooms: Boletus edulis picked up in the wild are sometimes mixed with germs and miscellaneous materials. Carefully selected before processing, different types of boletus are classified and processed separately to ensure the pureness of processed products. (2) Airing: The mushroom body picked on a rainy or cloudy day has a high moisture content, and should be air-dried for 3 to 5 hours in a dry and ventilated place to reduce the moisture of the mushroom body. Boletus that cannot be processed in time after harvesting should also be aired in a ventilated place. (3) Remove impurities: Use stainless steel blades to scrape dirt and impurities from the base of the stipe, remove debris such as branches, fallen leaves, and hairy grass, and improve the clarity of the product. (4) Classification: According to the type of boletus, the size of the bacteria, and the degree of opening of the mushroom umbrella, the classification is divided into young mushroom, half-opened mushroom, open mushroom and other categories, classification and processing. 2. slice. A stainless steel blade is used to cut into slices along the direction of the stipe. Slices are required to have a uniform thickness and a thickness of about 1 cm. The stipe and stipe should be connected as closely as possible, and the cut-off scraps can also be dried together. The rusted kitchen knife should not be used for slicing, otherwise it will affect the color of the dry film and reduce the quality. 3. Swing. After boletus slices, they must be dehydrated and dried in time. Before dried, they must be properly placed and should be placed according to the size, thickness, and wetness of the bacteria. Drying can be placed on the bamboo mat, window sand or clean drying floor; when dried, the bacteria tablets will be discharged on the baking screen, and should not be stacked or overlapped. 4. Dehydrated dried. Baking dehydration: baking sheet or oven can be used to bake, and less amount can also be baked with infrared lamp or smokeless charcoal. The initial baking temperature was 35°C. After that, it was increased by 1°C per hour. After being added to 60°C continuously for 1 hour, the temperature was gradually reduced to 50°C. The ventilation window should be started in the early period of baking. During the baking process, the ventilation window is gradually reduced until it is closed. Generally, it needs to be baked for about 10 hours, and it should be dried once, and it should be dried until the water content of the bacteria sheet falls below 12%. When the moisture content of fresh tablets is large, the increasing rate of temperature should be slowed down. If the temperature is suddenly increased or the temperature is too high, the microbes will be soft-cooked or scorched. During the baking period, according to the degree of dryness of the bacteria pieces, the screen position should be changed properly so that the bacteria pieces can be dehydrated. Drying and dehydration: Put it on the sunny morning and dry it. When dry, it is necessary to move the fungus at any time so that the bacteria can receive the sunlight evenly, and then take it back indoors before the sun goes down. Bacteria can not stay in the open air overnight. Adhering to the dew can cause the bacteria to become black. It is also not allowed to be exposed to rain in the middle. It is best to dry it on the day. 5. Grading and packaging. After dried or dried boletus pieces are softened, they are graded and packaged according to the appearance characteristics such as the color of the boletus plate, the cap of the mushroom and the stipe, and the like. Export export products can be divided into 4 levels. First-grade product: white fungus pieces, caps connected with stipe, no fragments, no mildew and insects; second product: light yellow bacteria, bacteria cap connected with the stipe, no broken, no mildew and insects ; Grade III: Yellow to brown bacteria, bacteria and stalk attached to the cap, no broken, no mildew and moth; four products: color yellow to dark brown bacteria, allowing some of the cap and stipe separation, there is broken , No mildew and insects. The rest are foreign goods. After the grading of the bacteria tablets, they are first packed in food bags and then packed in cartons. The transportation process must be carried out gently, and extrusion must be strictly prohibited. Storage must be shaded, ventilated, dried, and free of pests.
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