For every person with normal vision, facing the colorful world has become accustomed to it, but for blind people, the colorful world may be just a fairy tale in a dream.

A long time ago, scientists explored how blind people can see the world. In many studies, it is artificial vision technology that is gradually approaching.

Recently, the tragic experience of Shanxi’s stunned boys has also led people to turn their attention to the progress of artificial vision. On September 10, Xiaobin Bin received an implanted eye surgery in Shenzhen. About one month later, he implanted a “eye-eye film”. He hoped to use the “electronic eye” to see the world again after two to three months.

The "electronic eye" here refers to artificial vision. So what is the principle of artificial vision technology? What is the progress of this technology? Does this technology really make blind people see and see the world of color?

Zhang Jiasen, a professor at the Institute of Modern Optics at the School of Physics, Peking University, told the Journal of the Chinese Journal of Science and Technology that artificial vision is to convert images into current-stimulated optic nerves through external cameras and intraocular implanted circuit chips to help blind people recover their vision.

According to reports, the study of artificial vision began in the 1950s. In 1956, American scientist Tassiker discovered that a photosensitive selenium battery was implanted under the retina to produce a light sensation. In the 1960s and 1970s, scientists observed through a series of experiments that the visual system can be activated by external electrical stimulation. Studies on primary retinitis pigmentosa have found that even if photoreceptor cells are destroyed, there are functional nerve cells in the inner retinal tissue to transmit and process information. By the 1980s and 1990s, scientists began research on artificial visual stimulators. Currently, artificial visual stimulators mainly include retinal stimulators, visual cortex stimulators, and optic nerve stimulators.

However, Zhang Jiasen believes that unlike the single-channel sensory organ of hearing, the human eye is an extremely complex sensory organ. At present, the most advanced digital cameras still have a huge gap with the human eye in the restoration of the real world. More than the world's highest pixel camera. Therefore, the resolution of artificial vision may not be as good as the human eye. In addition, the camera distinguishes color by filters, while the optic nerve has a unique color resolution mode. The conversion between the two is very difficult. Therefore, artificial vision is difficult to restore the real world color.

In the view of Wang Lejin, chief physician and professor of ophthalmology at the Third Hospital of Beijing Medical University, artificial vision is still in the research stage, and it is really put into clinical application, at least 20 years later. Because the conversion of optical signals into electrical signals and then into the brain is an extremely complicated process. At present, some foreign scholars have applied artificial vision to clinical trials, but blind patients who are implanted with artificial vision can only see obstacles. It is not possible to distinguish the shape and color of the object.

The bionic artificial vision system approved by the US FDA in February this year only allows blind people to see the light and shadow, and can distinguish the outline of the object, but can not see the world of color.

Even artificial vision techniques that only distinguish the contours of objects are not effective for all blind people. Li Changhui, a researcher in the Department of Biomedical Engineering at Peking University School of Engineering, told the Journal of the Chinese Journal of Science that if the patient's optic nerve is not destroyed, adding a sensor to convert the light signal into an electrical signal to stimulate the optic nerve is theoretically feasible. However, the human optic nerve is not one, but there are tens of thousands of roots. Which one of the optic nerves can stimulate the sense of color, which optic nerve can achieve the feeling of light and dark, which optic nerve can achieve the shape Feeling, it is still unclear. Moreover, when the eyeball is removed by an external force, the correspondence of the optic nerve is also destroyed.

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