Oyster breeding techniques
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First, living habits Since the beginning of life, the oysters have been firmly attached to their lives. They cannot move out of the fixed objects and move by themselves. Only the opening and closing movements of the oysters. The left shell is fixed, only the right shell can open and close the joint movement. And rely on the right shell opening and closing movement for breathing, feeding, reproductive, excretion and other life activities. In the face of adverse environmental conditions, tightly closed shells with difficulty. The long oyster is a wide temperature shellfish and can live in 0-32°C water temperature, and the optimum growth temperature is 15-25°C. It also has a wide range of adaptability to salinity, which is distributed in the range of salinity of 10-40 ,. The low salinity sea area grows rapidly. Oysters mainly feed on single-cell plankton and organic debris. There is no special regularity in food intake. In general, the water temperature is high at 10-25°C, but during the breeding period, the ingestion intensity is relatively weakened.
Second, reproductive characteristics of oysters full 1st age gonads begin to reproduce. There are two types of reproduction: young and oviparous. Long oysters are oviparous and fertilized in vitro. Most of the long oysters are male and female conductors, and a small amount of hermaphrodites. When the gonads mature, the males are milky white and the females are pale yellow. Long oysters When the water temperature of the natural sea area rises to 16°C, the gonad begins to mature. When the water temperature reaches 24-25°C, it is the peak of spawning. The breeding season in the Yueqing Bay area of ​​Zhejiang Province is from June to July. Most oysters spawn during the tidal period. At a water temperature of 23°C, the fertilized eggs develop D-shaped larvae in 20-22 hours. At a water temperature of 23-26°C, the D-shaped larvae are incubated for about 20 days. The average shell length of the larvae is 280 μm or more. 40% - 50% of the larvae appear eye spots, then the attachment base should be put in order for the larvae to metamorphose.
Third, seed production Currently oyster farming has both artificial and semi- artificial seedlings in two ways. The whole artificial seedlings's operation procedures include: pro-bachelor rearing and ripening, egg collection, hatching and selection, bait and larva rearing, attachment base making, processing and feeding, and juveniles out of the pool; semi-artificial seedlings The operation process includes the following steps: selection of hatchery, selection of pro-gland gonads, collection and investigation of planktonic larvae, production of attachment bases, handling, and application.
IV. Cultivating: There are many methods for oyster breeding. With the continuous development of breeding, new breeding methods and techniques are emerging. Among the more common ones, there are bamboo culture, bottom sowing, stone and stone culture, and down cultivation. Among them, the hanging culture is divided into a grid type, a long rope type, and a truss type. Regardless of the breeding method or method, the choice of breeding grounds is the key, which should be determined according to the living habits of oysters and the requirements of oysters on environmental factors and within the scope of their adaptation. In addition, we must also consider the degree of pollution of industrial and agricultural harmful waste water. Management of any breed is an important part. The management of the long oyster drooping aquaculture mainly includes: evacuating the culture density in time, adjusting the aquaculture water layer, and strengthening the anti-descending and anti-sinking measures.
V. Harvest: Long oysters generally need to be harvested for 15-18 months. When harvesting, it is necessary to consider the fullness of the oyster's soft body and storage, transportation and other factors.