In addition to the appearance of watermelon, consumers are more concerned about its sweetness. High-sweet watermelons are sold on the market, and their benefits have increased substantially. Watermelons that are not sweet enough have been slow-selling in the market, and their benefits have also been greatly reduced. At present, watermelons in open fields and greenhouses have entered the critical period of transplantation and management, and the issue of exploring the sweetness of watermelons has become more practical.

Whether watermelon is sweet or not

The reason for the difference in sweetness of watermelons is that the genetic basis of the varieties is different, the second is the degree of maturity during picking, the third is the climatic factors and soil texture, and the fourth is the influence of cultivation and management. For example, watermelon varieties contain only 5%-6% sugar, while high-sugar varieties contain more than 12% sugar. Some varieties, such as Zhengzhou No. 3, have the highest sugar content at the ripening stage, but the sugar content decreases when mature. However, varieties such as Xinhongbao and Mibao can not only reduce sugar content, but also have higher sweetness. In general, adequate light, large temperature difference between day and night, is conducive to the transformation of nutrients and accumulation of sugar; rain, low temperature and ultraviolet light, small temperature difference between day and night, the accumulation of sugar is less. The sandy soil warms up quickly, and it has strong fertility and water retention capacity. The accumulation of sugar in watermelons is more; in poor soils, there is insufficient nutrient growth and less sugar content. With the addition of organic fertilizer, the sweetness of the application of phosphorus and potash increased greatly, partial nitrogen fertilizer was applied, nutrient growth was too prosperous, nutrients were consumed more, and sugar content decreased.

The key to selecting fertilizer

Through the analysis of the reasons for the difference in the sweetness of watermelons and the market's choice of sweetness of watermelons, the selection of good varieties and fertilization techniques should be the two junctures.

First, choose a variety with high sugar content. Among the early maturing varieties, the sugar content of Zhengza 5 is 10.5%-11%, and the sugar content of Jingxin 1 is about 11%. Among the medium-maturing varieties, Zhengza 6 has a sugar content of about 11%, Xinhongbao has a sugar content of 10% to 11%, and Fengshou 2 and Chuanfeng 3 have a sugar content of 10% to 11%. Among the late-ripening varieties, the sugar content of Hongyou 2 was about 11%, and that of the seedless watermelon black honey 2 was 11%. Characteristics of yellow-red early-maturing varieties of Baoguan sugar content of 12%.

Second, optimize formula fertilization. In the category of fertilizers, organic fertilizers are mainly used, supplemented by chemical fertilizers. In the structure of fertilizer, mainly nitrogen and potassium fertilizers, followed by phosphorus fertilizer, with appropriate amount of trace element fertilizer. Organic fertilizer promotes the application of various types of cake fertilizers, soil miscellaneous fertilizers, and plant ash, and actively promotes organic active compound fertilizers and bio-organic compound fertilizers. At the same time, high-rate whole-element compound fertilizers are appropriately applied to avoid single application of nitrogen fertilizers.

Watermelon basal fertilizer application method is to open the ditch, the second is to play nests, there are a few appendages. In order to concentrate the use of fertilizers, reduce churn, and increase fertilizer efficiency, promote acupuncture and application. The base fertilizer of watermelon should be applied in different times and used in layers. For the first fertilization, about 20 days before melon seedling planting, 70% of the total amount of basal fertilizer was applied and the depth was 25 cm; the second fertilization was applied 10% of the total amount of basal fertilizer 10 days before melon seedling planting. 10 cm. To be mixed with the field soil while fertilizing, then cover the soil. The second time Shixue Shi, leaving a mark after the application, in order to melon seedlings by hole transplanting, quickly absorb nutrients, improve fertilizer utilization.

According to experience, potassium fertilizer, whether applied in combination with organic fertilizer or single application, has a significant role in accelerating the accumulation of sugar in watermelon, but it is best to use basal fertilizer. Potassium fertilizer and organic fertilizer were mixed as base fertilizer, and the harvested watermelon had a 23% increase in sugar content compared with no application. However, when the potassium fertilizer was applied during fruit setting, the sugar content only increased by 12.7%. In potassium-deficient soil, 15-20 grams of potassium sulfate per plant during the expansion of watermelon can effectively increase the sweetness. According to another experiment, spraying 0.2%-0.4% of zinc sulfate solution on the leaves also increased the sugar content of the watermelon by 1.2 degrees. However, partial application of nitrogen fertilizers should be avoided, which promotes vegetative growth, consumes nutrients, and reduces sugar content.

In addition, during the harvest of watermelon, proper adjustment of the sensation also helps to increase the sweetness of the watermelon. For example, stop watering the field 4-5 days before harvest; for sweeter watermelons, sweeteners or sweeteners can be sprayed 3-4 weeks prior to harvest.

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