At present, planting vegetables not only emphasizes high yields and quality, but also has high efficiency. In southern Anhui, cabbage varieties adopt the spring and autumn post-fermentation cultivation methods. Staggering the concentration of vegetables on the market and grasping cultivation management techniques can also achieve high benefits. The main tasks of cultivation are as follows:

I. Soil selection

Cabbage cultivation is best performed by selecting loam or sandy soil with deep soil layer, rich organic matter content, and fertile soil. Avoid continuous cropping, and avoid acidic soils. The soil pH should be between 6.0 and 7.0. If the soil acidity is too large, 40-60 kg of lime mud can be used per acre in the Chinese agricultural network.

Second, the appropriate period of sowing

Cabbage prefers a cool climate and is generally sown from September to January. In the summer and autumn, heat-resistant varieties should be selected and harvested at the time of sowing, and the vegetables should be staggered and listed on the market.

Third, planting seedlings

1. Apply base fertilizer to plant seedbeds. Planting 1 mu of cabbage requires 8 to 10 m2 of seedbed to make footbed water after seedbed planting, and can use a 500-fold solution of Mn-Zn fertilizer to treat the seedbed spray. Seeds should be spread evenly, sowing 5-8 grams per square meter, and 40-50 grams of seeds per acre.

2. Seedling management During summer and early autumn, high temperatures, heavy rain, and strong sunshine during seedling development are extremely unfavorable to the excavation of seedlings. Therefore, shading nets must be used to cover the seedlings and the shading nets must be uncovered immediately after emergence. Cover in sunny noon in time, and before 10 o'clock in the morning and after 4 o'clock in the afternoon, shade nets should not be covered in cloudy weather.

When the seedlings grow to 2 or 3 true leaves, the seedlings will be uncovered once they grow too densely, and the disease prevention and control techniques for the cabbage will be maintained at certain intervals. The total amount of the seedlings will be 2 to 3 times. Each time after the seedlings poured 1 small water, in the event of drought, watering each day sooner or later, while applying a small amount of Miao Fei to prevent seedling aging.

Seedling stage to prevent and control blight and insect pests, and combined with aphid prevention and control of virus disease, can be used? F cream Mn-Zn 500 to 1000 times, fipronil 1000 to 1500 times, avermectin 1000~ 1500 times liquid, Thiamethoxam 10000 times liquid, etc., control once every 5~7 days. Autumn cabbage age is about 30 days, with 7 to 8 true leaves can be planted.

IV. Site preparation

1. Before the land preparation, choose deep plowing and leveling the land, apply 2,000 to 3,000 kilograms of organic manure per acre, add 20 kilograms of ternary compound fertilizer, make a 1 meter wide sorghum, and plant 2 lines.

2. Seedlings should be fully watered 2 hours before planting and planting, and seedlings should be excavated with soil, and thick and short internodes should be selected for planting. Planting should be carried out in the evening or on cloudy days. The plant spacing should be 35 cm and 40 cm, and 4500 mu should be planted. about. After planting, pour water once, and spray acetochlor and other herbicides to control weeding. The remaining seedlings in the seedbed should continue to be managed for 1 week and be replanted when there is a deficiency in the field.

V. Post-planting management

1. Water and Fertilizer Management Cabbage is not tolerant to drought and should be regularly flooded. In the rosette stage, 20 kg of fertilizer can be combined per acre with compounded water to promote the growth of stems and leaves; a second time of top dressing is applied and 25 kg of high-quality compound fertilizer is applied per acre; thereafter, water is poured 5~7 days. The third time the leaf ball is growing, it will be top dressing for the third time. It will use 25 kg of compound fertilizer per acre to promote leaf compaction. Rain should pay attention to drainage, no water in the trench.

2. If lateral buds occur after lateral buds and weeding, they should be removed as soon as possible. Cabbage is shallow rooted, and the cultivator should be shallow, and the cultivator should be stopped when it grows.

3. Pest control

1 Black rot and soft rot. It is a bacterial disease. In the high temperature and rainy season, the groundwater with high groundwater level and the continuous cropping land are the most vulnerable to disease. Soft rot occurs in the roots, stems, and leaves of cabbage, especially in the roots. After the onset of the disease, it appears as a water-stained lesion, which then softens and rots, and has a foul odor. The black rot lesions are light brown and the veins of the diseased part become necrotic and dark. They can develop along the veins and petioles, causing the vascular bundles of stems and roots to turn black and rot, but not foul.

Prevention: selection of disease-resistant varieties; reasonable irrigation, timely drainage, to avoid excessive soil turbidity; winter cabbage plants in the field of fertilization technology timely removal, brought out of the field burned, the soil was formalin 20 times liquid disinfection; early onset With 72% of agricultural streptomycin sulfate soluble powder 3000 ~ 4000 times, or 47% Chunlei Wang copper wettable powder 500 ~ 800 times liquid spray control, spray once every 7 days, continuous control 2 ~ 3 times.

2 virus disease. Severe onset in hot and dry seasons, early sowing, extensive management, lack of water, lack of fat when the disease is heavy. Infected at the seedling stage, chlorophyll near-circular spots were produced on the leaves, with a diameter of 2 to 3 mm. After that, the entire leaf became lighter or became dark green and white. In addition to black and white spots on the back of the old leaves, the infected strains were later and loose.

Prevention and control: selection of disease-resistant varieties; timely removal of diseased plants; prevention and control of locusts during seedling stage, eradication of ascarids on poisonous plants as soon as possible; spraying 20% ​​of virus Bicock WP 800 times after planting , Or 20% of virus A WP 500 times, or 1.5% of phytopathogenic Ling emulsion 1000 times, or 83 sensitizer 100 times and so on, sprayed every 10 days, continuous spray 3 to 4 times.

3 Downy mildew. Should begin in the prevention of cabbage rosettes, can be sprayed with 500 to 1000 times of manganese Zn fluid, or 500 times of Prosonic Zinc, or 500 times Urea cyanide 500 times.

4 Lepidoptera pests such as Brassica napus, Spodoptera litura and Plutella xylostella. Can be used fipronil 1000 ~ 1500 times, or avermectin 1000 ~ 1500 times, or emamectin benzoate 1000 ~ 1500 times, etc., 5 to 7 days to prevent and treat 1 time.

5 locusts. Cabbage is vulnerable to aphids during the late growth period. Control can use Thiamethoxam 10000 times liquid, imidacloprid 1000 ~ 1500 times liquid, spray 5 to 7 days, continuous spray 2 times.

Sixth, harvest

From the time of planting cabbage to the initial harvest period, special early-maturing varieties will take about 40 days, early-maturing varieties will take about 50 days, and general varieties will take about 60 days. Before the ball is tight and the ball is not cracked, the harvest period is the highest. Can also be based on market conditions early harvest, in order to obtain better benefits. The high temperature period will not be too tight and it is advisable to harvest early. Do not water before harvesting 5 days to avoid the occurrence of leaf ball rupture, affecting the yield and quality.

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