The pollution-free vegetables are pollution-free, safe, high-quality, and nutritious vegetables that are produced in strict accordance with the safety standards for the production of pollution-free vegetables and cultivation techniques. In addition, the pesticide residues, heavy metals, nitrates, nitrites, and other toxic and harmful substances in vegetables shall be controlled within legal limits and shall comply with relevant standards. In order to standardize the pollution-free vegetable production technology in Datong County and establish a green eco-vegetable base, the following points on the following pollution-free vegetable cultivation techniques were introduced to provide reference for the majority of growers. First, the choice of pollution-free vegetable base

Select agricultural land with convenient transportation, good water quality, smooth irrigation and drainage, deep soil, fertile soil, no pollution, far away from factories, hospitals, and urban areas, free from the influence of pollution sources or contaminated with contaminants. For example, some farmland and vegetable fields in the Duzhuang Township of my county should be planted together to facilitate centralized management.

Second, rotation down to prevent soil bacteria

Promote grain and vegetable crop rotation, vegetable crop rotation, paddy crop rotation, such as corn and cabbage rotation, etc., to avoid cruciferous vegetables such as cabbage, cabbage, solanaceous vegetables, cucurbitaceae vegetables.

Third, select excellent vegetable varieties

It is necessary to use vegetable varieties that are resistant to disease, high-quality, high-yield, and good commercial products, such as cold-mushroom squash varieties, Korean new-hope small-yellow varieties, and Zhongjiao 5 green pepper varieties.

Fourth, seed disinfection

Warm soaking and seed dressing can be used for seed disinfection.

1, warm soup soaking. Seed soaked in warm water of 55°C with 5-6 times the amount of seeds. Solanaceous vegetables are soaked for 12-24 hours, melons are 8-12 hours, and vegetables such as spinach are soaked for 24-48 hours.

2, drug treatment. The solanaceous vegetables are firstly sterilized with 50% carbendazim WP, 0.4% of the seed amount, rinsed with water 2-3 times, and then germinated; 50% carbendazim WP for legumes or Fumei double warm powder dressing, the amount of 0.3% of the seed amount; leaf vegetables with 75% chlorothalonil seed by 0.4% seed dressing, control downy mildew, black spot.

Fifth, timely sowing, nurturing strong seedlings

Live vegetable species such as legumes and vegetables can be sown only when the soil temperature stabilizes above 15°C at 5-10cm. Transplanting vegetable varieties should be determined according to the appropriate planting time sowing time, can also be used to film seedlings, nutrition seedlings nursery, seedling nursery seedlings and other seedlings to adjust the sowing period, strengthen seedling temperature management, timely hardening seedlings, in order to achieve the cultivation of strong seedlings, prevention The purpose of pests and diseases at seedling stage.

Sixth, scientific fertilization

The principle of fertilization of pollution-free vegetables is: to re-appropriate the maturity of organic fertilizers, supplemented by mineral chemical fertilizers. The use of urban waste fertilizers is prohibited, and raw human vegetables such as lettuce are prohibited from being used as top dressings. Strictly control the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer and avoid the accumulation of nitrate in the vegetable.

The method of fertilization: basal fertilizer, 3,000 to 4,000 kilograms of fertilized organic manure, 30 kilograms of superphosphate or organic compound fertilizer. Top-dressing: Solanum arborescens fruits are grown in the early stage with 1000-1500 kg of rotting manure, 7.5 kg of urea, 2-3 times of topdressing, 2 topdressing replants during the blooming period, 1400 kg of organic fertilizer per mu, 7 kg of urea; The vegetable cultivating 1000-2000 kilograms of manure or 30-60 kilograms of compound fertilizer is applied to the vegetable, and the top-dressing period is 3-5 times; the bean and vegetable manure is 500 kilograms of the hot manure or 20 kilograms of the compound fertilizer. Times. Minimize top dressing or top dressing before vegetables are harvested. Foliage spraying is not recommended.

Seventh, weeding and weeding

On the basis of deep plowing of land and ripening land, the number of times of weeding and weeding should be appropriately increased to remove weeds and diseased leaves in a timely manner, eliminate sources of pests and diseases, and reduce the use of pesticides. Topdressing combined with cultivator can also increase fertilizer efficiency.

Eight, science irrigation

First of all, irrigation water quality must meet the requirements of the state regulations, drainage and irrigation facilities, specific methods of irrigation are: 1, sandy loam often irrigation, clay loam soil should be promptly drained. 2, see the seedlings to see the sky, sunny, hot days and more irrigation, cloudy, cold days less irrigation or no irrigation, no wilting leaves no irrigation at noon, mild wilting less irrigation, on the contrary to more irrigation. 3, summer and summer watering must be carried out before 9 o'clock in the morning or after 5 o'clock in the evening to avoid watering at noon. 4, according to different vegetables and growing water requirements for irrigation.

9. Pest Control

1, physical control. (1) Sowing seeds and soaking; use high-temperature stuffy sheds to suppress diseases. (2) Black mercury lamps, high-pressure mercury lamps, and double-wave lamps are used to trap and kill a variety of pests, insect nets, and pest control. (3) Use repellency to prevent and control, such as seizures of whiteboard glue, silver film drive flooding, trapping and killing of sweet and sour liquid. (4) graft resistance.

2, chemical control. For different pests and diseases, according to the principle of pollution-free vegetable pesticides, the right medicine is used for the disease, during the critical period, with high efficiency and low toxicity, low residue pesticides and biological pesticides. The last time the pesticide was used was 7 days from the harvest.

The following pesticides must be completely banned in the production of pollution-free vegetables: methamidophos, carbofuran, chlorine dioxide fruit, methyl parathion, monocrotophos, phorate (3911), methyl isophosphoryl, pentachlorolic acid Pesticides such as sodium, insecticidal fleas, and dicofol, including mixed formulations containing the above ingredients.

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