Release date: 2015-08-07

DNA damage increases the risk of cancer. A recent study published in Nature Communications , scientists from the Georgia Medical University found that a specific protein that accumulates when cells are stressed is living in the early stages of DNA repair. play an important role. In the process of DNA damage repair, an active transcription factor 3 called ATF3 appears to be the first responder, which increases its own level, then searches for and binds to another protein called Tip60, which ultimately helps attract A large group of proteins at the site of injury.

Researcher Chunhong Yan said that this protein is called a stress responder, so when cells sense stress, such as DNA damage, ATF3 is induced to activate; ATF3 can bind to Tip60 and promote DNA damage repair, as if Like its partner Tip60, ATF3 is not expressed at low levels until the cells are stressed, and DNA mutations are the most common type of cell pressurizer. ATF3 then looks for and binds to Tip60 to increase the stability and expression of unstable proteins; If you look at the DNA under a microscope, you will find that the site of the damage is labeled by ATF3, and then Tip60 will modify the ATM protein to help it form a special scaffold to allow other proteins to assemble.

It takes many years for cells to recognize DNA damage, but once they discover DNA damage, they will react immediately. The first protein that reaches the ATM scaffold is p53, which acts as a powerful tumor suppressor to help assess DNA damage. Can be repaired, if it can not be repaired p53 will induce cell death. Many factors, such as sunlight or chemotherapy, promote DNA mutations. Mutations occur under normal conditions of cell reproduction. Cancer promotes additional mutations. Cancer cells are also vulnerable to escape from cancer sites as their morphology changes. DNA repair is like a constant in working in the body for a long time, and DNA damage repair research is also very important for studying the occurrence of body diseases.

In human cancer cells, researchers have discovered a new role for ATF3, and future researchers will look for new drugs that can help cells make more stressors as an additional cancer therapy. Researcher Yan said that we are currently looking for drugs that increase the expression of ATF3 in the body, and that an increase in ATF3 levels can promote the activity of Tip60 and the response of cells to DNA damage. The next step is to clarify how we make more ATF3, and researchers hope that one day, by measuring the level of ATF3 in the body, it will help predict the risk of cancer in individuals.

Source: Bio Valley

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