The demand for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in potatoes is equally important. In the process of yield formation, nitrogen supply is the basis to ensure the formation of sufficient green leaf area for photosynthesis; the supply of phosphorus is also indispensable for tuber formation and starch accumulation; On the basis of sufficient nitrogen and phosphorus, the supply of potassium is necessary for the assimilation of the early carbohydrates and the transportation from the ground to the underground tubers and starch accumulation.

Field tests have shown that the ratio of NPK to potato is about 1:0.5:2.5, so the potato is also known as the potassium plant. In the actual fertilization decision, the supply of potato nutrient demand should be taken into account in the soil nutrient pool, and the supply level of NPK should be different. The application of NPK fertilizer should be recommended on the basis of soil supply. Dosage. Attention should be paid to the application of potassium fertilizer and balanced fertilization with NPK. The effective potassium content of soil in northern China is higher than that in the south. The application of potassium fertilizer in food crops is not common, but for the characteristics of potassium required by potatoes, it is necessary to supplement potassium fertilizer.

In the period, method and distribution of potato fertilization, both base fertilizer and top dressing should be used. The base fertilizer is best to combine the organic fertilizer with the chemical fertilizer to facilitate the potato. The distribution of NPK fertilizers in base fertilizers and topdressing varies. Generally, only 50% of nitrogen fertilizer, all phosphate fertilizers and most potassium fertilizers are allocated in the base fertilizer. It is also possible to use half of the nitrogen and potassium fertilizer as the base fertilizer and the other half of the nitrogen and potassium as the top dressing; for the fertilizer type of the base fertilizer, a compound fertilizer containing a higher phosphorus (for example, 12% to 15%) and a suitable nitrogen (about 10%) may be selected. It can also be used with a single chemical fertilizer. The principle of the allocation of phosphate fertilizer is that most of them are applied to the bottom of the ridge in the form of strips or holes before ridges, and when a small amount of phosphate fertilizer is used, the slopes are applied obliquely below. The nitrogen and potassium fertilizers to be applied should be topdressed at the top bud stage of the plant (ie, the underground tuber formation period), applied to the ridge side and then covered with soil. Do not prematurely dressing time, it is best to carry out the expansion of the potato block during the expansion period. Premature topdressing, especially the pursuit of a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer, will cause the problem of small potato pieces in the upper part of the ground. In the fertilization position, the base fertilizer is applied in the ditch or hole before planting, and the depth is about 15-20 cm. Top dressing is applied between rows or ridges. The fertilizer is buried at a depth of 5-8 cm. After fertilization, it can be filled with water and covered with soil.

At present, more and more farmers rely on the application of chemical fertilizers to produce potatoes, which is not advisable. Sometimes partial application of nitrogen fertilizer will cause the yam in the ground to grow wild, while the potato in the lower part has little adverse consequences. Many farmers use organic fertilizer as the basic fertilizer and low-concentration compound fertilizer as the base fertilizer, and then go to the top bud stage of the plant, and then apply the appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer fertilization method, the effect is good. In addition, potatoes are also sensitive to trace elements. The use of micro-fertilizer not only improves the yield but also improves the quality of the potatoes. In recent years, some farmers in actual production have explored the use of various micro-fertilizers in order to obtain high yield of potatoes. In the base fertilizer, they applied a certain amount of micro-fertilizer, which greatly improved the potato yield. Like the various silicon-calcium potash fertilizers currently on the market, due to the variety of nutrients, it is very popular among farmers. The test of R&F State Silicon Calcium Potassium Fertilizer shows that adding 25 kg of silicon calcium and potassium fertilizer per acre can increase the yield by about 1000 kg.

These all reflect the requirements of the balanced nutrition of the potato based on the nutritional characteristics of the potato and the demand for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients. It is a high-yield and efficient practical technology.

This article URL: How to match the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in potato planting

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