Milk bull 犊 straight line fattening technology means that yak is directly transferred to the fattening stage after weaning. It does not need a hanger. It takes advantage of the rapid growth rate and low cost of fattening, and directly gives high-level nutrition to improve yak. Added value to achieve fast fattening effect. The direct fattening technology of the milk male yak can effectively utilize the small bulls produced by the dairy cows, expand the cattle source of the fattening cattle, improve the feed utilization rate, reduce the breeding cost, and shorten the breeding cycle.

1. Feeding management in the yak phase

The female calves produced by the cows are used to breed milk, some of the male calves are used to breed bulls, and other male calves are used for fattening. The yak stage refers to the stage from birth to 6 months of age. According to the age of the month and weaning, it can be divided into lactating calves (generally 0~3 months old) and post-weaning calves (generally 3-6 months old). . When it is managed, it must provide scientific feeding management according to the needs of different stages.

Nursing of newborn yak

To do a good job in the production of newborn yak, first of all, to provide a good environment, to keep the living environment clean, spacious and dry, sunny, suitable temperature and relative humidity. The disinfection work should be done before the delivery. The yak should remove the mucus from the nose and mouth in time after birth, and then artificially induce its breathing. Wipe the mucus from the calf with a clean towel. To implement the umbilical cord, first squeeze out the dirt in the umbilical cord, then hit the umbilical cord knot 5 cm away from the navel or clip the navel with a clip and disinfect with 7% iodine.

The yak should eat colostrum in time after birth to gain passive immunity and enhance immunity. Generally, yak should ensure that it eats colostrum within 1 hour after birth, and can let it eat milk by itself. The large-scale farm adopts artificial feeding method. The feeding amount is 10% of the weight of yak. The temperature of the colostrum should be controlled at 38 ° C. After 12 h, the amount should be fed again. In order to get enough nutrition for the calf, some vitamins such as vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin E can be added as appropriate.

After the birth, the yak should perform the operation of ear tagging, chamfering, and logging in the pedigree for future management. Dehorning is generally carried out within 2 weeks. It can be carried out by caustic soda or electric iron. In the season of de-horning treatment, if there are more mosquitoes and flies, apply the ointment to prevent mosquitoes and flies in the wound.

Yak early feeding

The ability of yak to train its feed when it is 1 week old can promote the development of gastrointestinal function of yak, provide nutrition for the growth and development of yak, and allow it to adapt to feed other than milk. Weaning is beneficial. At 1 week of age, you can add high-quality hay on the grass frame of the yak bar to allow it to eat ad libitum. At 10 to 15 days of age, the yak is trained to feed the concentrate, and the roughage is initially prepared into porridge. You can add the right amount of milk to attract, or apply the concentrate directly to the mouth and nose of the calf to make it gradually adapt.

Yak can feed green and succulent feed at 20 days of age, start feeding silage at 60 days of age, and gradually increase when feeding silage, initially feeding 100~150g per day, along with calves Growing continuously increases the amount of feed while providing adequate drinking water. At the end of the lactation period, the weight of the calf reaches 155-170 kg.

During the lactation period, the yak should be kept in separate groups with the cows. The feeding and management should be fixed, quantified and qualitative. At the same time, the amount of exercise of the yak should be kept. The yak can be rushed to the sports ground to receive sunlight and promote health. . In addition, the rest time of the yak is also guaranteed. At about 3 months of age, yak can be weaned when the intake of concentrate is 1~1.5kg. Weaning should be carried out gradually to reduce weaning stress. After weaning, yak should be divided into groups according to variety, age and weight. The yak with the same age and weight can be divided into a group to avoid the phenomenon of big bullying and fighting for food, which is easy to manage.

2. Feeding management in the fattening stage

Preparation before fattening

After weaning, the yak can be transferred to the fattening house for fattening. The pens used for fattening yak generally require high dryness, leeward sun, good ventilation, good lighting, warm winter and cool summer. Before the yak is transferred to the fattening house, the house should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected. 10%~20% quicklime should be sprayed and disinfected on the ground and walls in the house. The trough and the sink will kill 5% chlorine. Disinfection, after disinfection, the disinfectant should be used alternately to avoid drug resistance. Summer fattening should be done in the heatstroke prevention work. The awning can be built outside the house, and the cooling device should be installed in the house to maintain good ventilation and discharge harmful gases.

In winter, it is necessary to keep warm and keep the proper temperature inside the house. After the yak is transferred to the fattening house, it is necessary to let it rest first, and then carry out a whole group of insect repellent work. After deworming and stomach, feed some easily digestible feeds, adapt them to the new environment and feeding methods, and then enter the formal fattening stage. During the fattening process, observe the cattle feeding, drinking water, ruminating and Excretion.

The fattening of yak should be carried out in stages according to the fattening period and the fattening period.

The general fattening period is 150 days, mainly to promote the development of muscles and bones, and provide appropriate nutrition according to different ages. The fattening period is generally 100 to 130 days. This stage is mainly the deposition of fat and the improvement of beef quality.

It can be fed 3 times a day during feeding. It should be provided with high-quality full-price feed during the whole fattening process. It should not be fed with frozen feed or mildewed feed. In the replacement of feed, the transition work of refueling should be done to avoid refueling stress. Adequate drinking water should be provided during the fattening process, which can effectively increase the feed intake. Generally, drink water within 1 hour after feeding, and pay attention to providing warm water in winter. Generally, when the milk bull reaches 16 to 19 months of age and reaches 500 kg, it can be sold.

The above is the straight fattening technology of the milk bull calf compiled by Huinong. This technology can improve the survival rate of yak, reduce the incidence rate, improve the quality of beef, and have good economic benefits.

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