New Technology of Covering Soil with Pleurotus eryngii Bags
ZHEJIANG SHENDASIAO MEDICAL INSTRUMENT CO.,LTD. , https://www.shendasiaomed.com
September 27 07:00:29, 2024
Pleurotus eryngii, also known as Pleurotus ostreatus, is one of the rare edible fungi. Its fleshy hypertrophy, crisp, milky white color, delicious taste, rich nutrition, known as "the best in the prime." The use of the following indoor outdoor mushroom cultivation techniques, bio-biochemical rate of up to 100% -120%, and the mushroom commodity is good, compared with no soil cultivation, the benefit can be increased by 15% -20%. First, the biological characteristics (1) mycelial growth temperature of 6-30 °C, the optimum temperature of 18-25 °C, the original base and fruiting body formation temperature of 10-20 °C, the optimum temperature of 15-18 °C. (2) The moisture content of the medium during the growth phase of the mycelium is 60%-65%, the relative humidity of the air is 60%-70%, and the humidity is over 80%. The growth of the mycelium is slow; but the formation and development stage of the fruit body, relative humidity Requires 90%-95%. (3) Fresh air is required for mycelium growth and fruit body growth and development stages, especially for the formation of primordia and fruit body differentiation. (4) No light is required for mycelial growth, and scattered light is required for formation and differentiation of fruit bodies. (5) The suitable pH range of the culture material is 6-8. Second, the culture formula cotton seed shell, mixed wood chips, corn cobs, bagasse, waste cotton, etc. can be used as cultivation materials, with the use of better. Reference formula: (1) 50% of wood chips, 30% of cotton seed shell, 15% of wheat bran, 3% of corn flour, 1% of sucrose, and 1% of lime; (2) 40% of mixed wood chips, 38% of cotton seed shell, wheat bran 20%, 1% for sugar and lime; (3) 24% for mixed wood chips, 30% for cotton seed shell, 25% for wheat bran, 20% for corncob, and 1% for lime. According to the formula above, the mixture has a water content of 60%. Third, bagging sterilization and inoculation culture mix, sugar and lime mixed with water after the mix. The bagging machine can be used for bagging. The size of the bag is 15 cm, 30 cm, 0.05 cm or 17 cm, 30 cm, 0.05 cm, polyethylene or polypropylene plastic bags. Bagging is required to be tight and moderate, and it is bagged with a collar and sterilized by conventional methods. Wait until the bag temperature drops below 30°C. Inoculate with a pointed stick in the middle of the bag. The hole depth is 2/3 to 4/5, which is good for mycelial germination. IV. Management during the germination period Inoculation into the culture room after inoculation. The training room should be selected dry, ventilated, heat preservation moisturizing, clean room, keep the room temperature about 25 °C, air relative humidity 60%. Ventilate 1-2 hours a day, ventilation at noon when the temperature is low. Training room can be framed, divided into 4 layers, 2 meters high - 2.5 meters, 2 meters - 4 meters long, each layer 0.5 meters high -0.8 meters, 0.6 meters wide. It should be warmed in the cold season. If there is infected bacteria bag burned out in a timely manner. V. Mushroom management After 20-25 days, when mycelium eats more than 4/5, you can move into the cultivation room. The cultivation room is maintained at a temperature of 10-18°C. The bag removed the loop cover and increased ventilation to promote hyphae maturation. When the original primordium is prepared for 5 to 10 days, the collar collar is removed and the old strain of the hole is excavated. After 7 days, when the original body of fruiting body is formed, the bag mouth is folded back or the pocket membrane is cut off with a knife, leaving 1 cm. When the fruit body slowly expands, keep the temperature at about 16°C and the relative humidity of the air is 85%-95%. Low or high humidity can affect the quality of fruiting bodies. Every day, spray water in the air with a sprayer 2-3 times depending on the situation. Do not spray water directly on the mushroom body (otherwise, the mushroom body is susceptible to yellowing). Strengthen ventilation and ventilation, poor ventilation can easily cause abnormal mushroom. Six, sparse buds Pleurotus eryngii is a lot of raw material covered with mushroom buds, mushroom buds, most of the supply of nutrients, resulting in small fruiting bodies, affecting quality. At this point should be promptly sparse. The method is to use the sterilized blade, select those small, malnourished, malformed mushrooms, flattened and cut off the lower part of the stipe, and close the doors and windows and stop spraying for one day. Seven, picking a large selection, smooth and smooth cap, cap mushroom flattened from the flattening circle harvest. When harvesting, use the disinfected knife, the left hand pinch mushroom, cut between the base of the stem and the mycelium, pay attention to avoid injuring the next small mushroom, if the mushroom inconvenient to cut out, can be hand-twisted and removed (unusable hard掰, in order to avoid the entire block mycelium from the medium material). The mushrooms collected under the classification are stored. 8. The management of earth-covered soil is to choose sheds that are rich in humus and slightly fertile soil, and cover agricultural film and shade nets. Trampoline dig deep 10-15 cm, width 130-150 cm, length is arbitrary. Mix with 2% lime water and 80% dichlorvos 500 times. After the first tidal mushroom is harvested, the bacteria bag is cleaned and moved into the boring bed, which can be placed horizontally or vertically. Surrounded by fine soil, the surface of the bag is covered with 2-3 cm thick soil, and the bed is covered with straw and straw. Then spray water on the bed until the bed is wet. Cover a small arch shed for 2-3 days, combine with the membrane to vent 1-2 times a day, spray small water. 10-15 days after covering the soil bud, 20 days after the fruiting body can be harvested. Nine, pest and disease prevention Pleurotus eryngii disease is small, prone to insect pests, the main damage of small mosquitoes, fungal thin mosquitoes, golden-winged eyelid mosquitoes. During the growth of fruiting bodies, due to high humidity or poor ventilation, it is easy to cause decay of the mushroom body or the easy transmission of pests such as rotten bags, feces, weeds, and garbage near the cultivation site. In the early stage, particles or filamentous sticky transparent bodies were formed on the surface of the fruit body, resembling glue, which was caused by the ovulation of the mosquitoes on fruit bodies. After a few days, the larvae (difficult to observe with the naked eye) first harmed the fruiting body primordium, and then sucked fruit bodies. The victim’s part is concave and yellow-brown; in severe cases, it is purple-brown with odor, and there is a layer of viscous liquid on the surface. Some malformed mushrooms are hollowed out. If you do not kill it in time, it will result in serious losses, or even no revenue. Prevention methods: 1, to prevent the main cultivation field should choose a clean place, well-ventilated, mushroom house without livestock, weeds, feces. 2. Conditional mushroom house doors and windows are equipped with insect nets or gauze to prevent adults from flying into spawning. 3, before the use of the cultivation room, with 5% lime water, trichlorfon disinfection insecticide. 4. After the mushroom is picked, 1000 times of cypermethrin or Trichlorfon EC is sprayed and killed. 5, promptly remove the infected bacteria bag, concentrated deep or burned.