Due to differences in variety, sowing date, planting density and water content, as well as fertilization, harvesting period and improper storage, the radish will cause hollow meat roots, affecting the quality of food and nutritional value.

Variety difference: small radish with dense meat, slow growth of fleshy roots, balanced growth of leaves and roots, not easy to hollow; large radish with loose flesh, succulent roots grow too fast, root growth is greater than leaf growth and easy to hollow.

Differences in sowing date: radish grows under high temperature and drought, especially at night, the temperature is high, the growth is stagnant, consumes a lot of nutrients, and is easy to hollow; sowing at the right time, so that the radish is higher in daily temperature, lower in night temperature, and larger in temperature difference between day and night. Normal growth under the environment, not easy to hollow.

Density difference: Under the condition that the soil is fertile and the plant spacing is wide, the fleshy roots grow too fast, and the growth of leaves and roots is out of balance, so that the organic nutrients produced in the aboveground part are not enough to supply the growth of the fleshy roots in the lower part. It is easy to appear hollow.

Improper fertilization: radish fertilization is unreasonable, especially in late composting, too much dosage, combined with improper combination of fertilizers, and more nitrogen fertilizer, so that the radish shoots grow too vigorously, and the roots are hypertrophy, causing hollowness.

Soil water shortage: Soil moisture is one of the important factors affecting radish hollow, especially in the period of meat root formation, soil water shortage, growth hindrance, easy to hollow, if the soil in the early stage is damp, the soil is dry in the later stage, the accumulation and operation of unfavorable nutrients The root tissue loses water and is also prone to hollowness.

Late harvesting: Spring and summer type radish varieties are hollow after harvesting late or after early convulsions.

Improper storage: The radishes that are stored and stored, the temperature is too high, the humidity is low, and the hollowness occurs due to rapid respiratory consumption and loss of water dispersion; if the temperature is too low, the fleshy roots are also prone to hollow after freezing.

Radish hollow affects the yield, quality and economic benefits of radish. Comprehensive measures must be taken to control radish hollows.

Selected varieties: should choose a small variety of meat that is not easy to hollow and fine.

Fine planting: master the appropriate sowing date and rational close planting.

Scientific fertilizer: The fertilizer for radish should adopt the principle of base fertilizer and supplemented by topdressing, paying attention to the rational combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and scientific fertilization. The varieties with short growth period are mainly based on base fertilizers, and the varieties with long growing seasons must be topdressed early in the season, and master the “light leaf topdressing in the true leaf stage and the heavy topdressing in the fleshy root expansion period”. In the early stage, the general application was carried out to meet the needs of each radish in the growing season, and the growth of the upper part and the lower part of the bud was favorable, and the purpose of the radish was not hollow. Boron fertilizer can promote the radish heart. From the radish seedlings, 2 pieces - 3 pieces of true leaves start to about half a month before harvest, spray boron fertilizer once every 20 days, 150 grams of borax or 100 grams of boric acid per acre, first dissolve with a small amount of warm water After spraying 60 kg to 75 kg of water, the spraying time is appropriate in the evening.

Balanced water supply: The requirement of soil water content in the growth stage of radish is generally 60%--80%, especially in the period of radish root enlargement, when the soil water supply is insufficient or when the drought is dry, it is easy to cause hollow, so it should maintain a balanced water supply. When the soil moisture content is lower than the above requirements, it should be properly watered. The top dressing can be used to control the humidity of the soil to prevent over-drying and too wet. The method of "draining in the drought and pouring it on a cloudy day" is adopted to maintain the soil moisture of 70%--80%. In the late growth stage, radish should be properly watered during drought. The watering should be carried out in the evening to reduce the soil temperature, which is beneficial to the nutrients in the leaves to the roots, promote the expansion of the fleshy roots and prevent hollowness.

Chemical control: During the growth period of radish, generally spray 50 mg / kg gibberellin solution in the first half of harvest, do not spray too early, so as not to inhibit the expansion of meaty root; spray 10 mg / kg naphthalene acetic acid solution 2 times in the late growth period, Each interval of 10-15 days, does not affect the growth of fleshy roots, but also prevents hollowness and delays maturity. If 10 mg / kg of naphthaleneacetic acid is sprayed, 5% sucrose and 5 mg / kg of borax solution are added, and the three are mixed and sprayed to better control the hollow effect. Paclobutrazol has the function of controlling the excessive growth of plants and rationally regulating the distribution and operation of photosynthetic products in plants. In the growing season of radish plants, 15 grams of 15% paclobutrazol wettable powder is used in the mu, and 50 kg of water is evenly sprayed, and the non-growth field is generally used once.

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