Hormone therapy increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease in women
January 24 05:07:58, 2024
Medical Network March 8th Recently, a study from Finland found that long-term use of oral hormone therapy is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease in postmenopausal women. The relevant results were published in the journal BMJ.
Hormone therapy is used to relieve menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes and night sweats. Different types of treatments can be used - for example, tablets containing only estrogen or a combination of estrogen and progestin, as well as "transdermal" treatments such as patches, gels and creams. In Finland, 90% of hormone therapies are administered orally.
Some studies have shown that postmenopausal hormone therapy can prevent Alzheimer's disease, but a recent clinical trial failed to confirm this benefit, which in fact means that hormone users have an increased risk of dementia.
Therefore, in order to better understand this possible connection, researchers led by Tomi Mikkola of the University of Helsinki began to compare the use of hormones in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and non-Alzheimer's disease in postmenopausal women.
Using national population and drug registrations, the data on the use of hormone therapy (cases) in 84,739 postmenopausal women diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease between 1999 and 2013 were the same as those of undiagnosed postmenopausal women (control group) ).
Among 83,688 (98.8%) women , Alzheimer's disease was diagnosed at age 60 or older, and 47,239 (55.7%) women were over 80 years old at the time of diagnosis. 11,805 (74.9%) women took hormone therapy for more than 10 years.
Overall, the use of oral hormonal therapy is associated with a 9-17% increase in the risk of Alzheimer's disease, which is not the case with vaginal hormone therapy.
In the absolute sense, the authors say that in the absolute sense, 7 to 18 patients with Alzheimer's disease are found in women between the ages of 70 and 80, especially those who have used hormone therapy for more than 10 years.
There was no significant difference in risk between tablets using estrogen alone and users using estrogen-progestin tablets, and the higher risk was independent of different progestins.
The age at which hormone therapy begins does not appear to affect the future risk of the disease . However, for women younger than 60 years of age, the increased risk is associated with exposure for more than 10 years when they start taking hormone therapy.
This is an observational study, so the reason cannot be determined, and the researchers say they cannot rule out the possibility that other unmeasured factors may affect the outcome.
However, they point out: "Long-term use of systemic hormonal therapy may be accompanied by an increased overall risk of Alzheimer's disease, regardless of the type of progesterone or age at the beginning. In contrast, the use of vaginal estradiol shows no This risk."
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