There are many kinds of diseases of cucumber fruit, such as curved fruit, fine cashew, sharp-bellied fruit, miscarriage fruit (melon), stale fruit, malformed fruit, bitter fruit and so on. In the cultivation of sunlight greenhouses, there are more occurrences and the hazards are more serious. Once the physiological disease is formed, the cucumber not only has reduced yield and quality, but also has poor commercial properties, and it will cause great economic losses in production.

Causes of physiological diseases of cucumber fruit are two aspects: First, due to lack of cultivation techniques, extensive management, especially in the flower bud differentiation period is affected by a certain measure, the fruit enlargement after the formation of the disease; the second is the cucumber In the process of growth and development, it is affected by various physiological obstacles (including temperature, moisture, light, gas and fertilizer) and hormone poisoning to form a disease. In addition, due to continuous cropping, adversity cultivation, improper use of pesticides, and other physical diseases have emerged.

1 Symptoms and Causes of Formation

1.1 bending fruit

The appearance of the melon strips is uniform and thick, and the ring bends from the formation of the young melon. As the growth of the melon strip expands, the annular bending increases. However, there is also the fruit of the end of the expansion of the formation of curved big head fruit, melons to the large end of the small curved small fruit. The reason for this is that when the inflorescence begins to develop, it suffers from continuous yin weather, persistent low temperature, lack of light, lack of nutrients and water, and the tendency of the cucumber seedlings to grow into a plume, which can be easily bent when the baby is formed; or due to high temperature management, nutrient moisture. Excessive growth causes the stems and leaves to thrive. Even if the plants grow normally, if too many fruits are placed at one node, they will form fruit.

1.2 fine cashew nuts

The result is that the melon strip is uneven and the central part of the fruit is shrinking and thinning, and the fruit and the fruit end are thicker, and the thinning part is easy to be broken. The reason for this is that nutrient supply is not balanced. Fine cashews are easily produced when they are continuously dried at high temperatures. The lack of supply of boricin before flowering and fruit setting, or the transport of boron into the fruit is inhibited, and the thin waist begins to emerge from the young.

1.3 Belly mouth fruit

The appearance of the melon strip shows a significant change in the thickness, with the middle part of the fruit being stout and small, and there will be symptoms of sharp, fruity tips. The reason for this is that female flowers pollinate poorly, and some of the seeds forming part of the nutrients are enlarged and inflated. Some of the seeds that do not form seeds have less nutrients and do not grow in size; if the fruit is insufficient for early nutrient supply or watering is too late, it is prone to such fruits. form.

1.4 Deadlock

The performance is uniform and no significant change in the thickness of the melon strips. The fruit-shaped short pulp has less moisture, the peel is dull and not tender and tender. The reason for the formation is that the first water is too early after the seedlings are soaked, the seedlings grow too prosperous, the nutrients transfer to the reproductive growth, and the growth of the fruit strips is stopped prematurely; when the fruit grows, the water content is insufficient, and partial nitrogen fertilizer is applied. Or potassium fertilizer; Under high temperature and dry conditions, the agricultural fertilizer is severely deficient, the number of sprays is more, the plant growth appears premature failure and the fruit is formed.

1.5 abortion fruit (cucumber)

The yellow fruiting and wilting occur when the young fruit is in the initial stage of swelling or when the fruit grows and develops to a certain stage; even the symptoms of dryness and wilting occur. The reason for the formation of flowers is that many fruit set-up rates are high. Fruits that can be set at the same time can be easily digested with melons, and fruits that are fruited at the same time can also facilitate melons.

1.6 Malformation

There are mainly double fruits and fruit with leaves. The fruit of two pairs of saccharomyces grows when they are seen in flowering, and the fruit has long leaves when it is in flowering. The reason for the formation is due to abnormal factors in the differentiation of flower buds, especially in the high temperature, nitrogen and potassium fertilizers, dry and other conditions when combined easily deformed fruit, while the absorption of boron is constrained, the incidence of malformed fruit is greatly increase.

1.7 bitter fruit

The fruit has a bitter taste when eaten. The reason for the formation is mainly determined by the characteristics of the species. However, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are insufficient, and bitter fruit can also occur when there are too many nitrogen fertilizers. Older plants often suffer from bitter fruit. High room temperature, high nutrient consumption, and dry conditions can lead to fruit bitterness.

2 prevention measures

2.1 to do early inspection

For the formation of physiological disease of the fruit from the flower before and after the flower Xiehua early inspection, once removed immediately after the discovery, so as not to affect the normal growth of the upper fruit.

2.2 Adjusting temperature, humidity and light

In accordance with the four stages of cucumber growth and development measures to control temperature and humidity, to meet the cucumber growth and development in various stages of the demand for temperature and humidity, prevent premature aging; when the formation of poor weather, bad weather, it is necessary to take artificial recovery measures; When vines and vines fall, they must be protected against melon vines, and old leaves and diseased leaves with no growth function should be removed to ensure that the plants grow robustly.

2.3 Take formula fertilization measures

From the base fertilizer, it is necessary to use organic fertilizer as the main fertilizer. The quality of the manure fertilizer in Mushi is 10,000 kg, and the oil residue is 300 kg. The fertilizer is applied at the ratio of N, P and K 5:2:6. The total amount of fertilizer is Mushi. About 100 kg is appropriate. And during the fruit setting period, it will be supplemented with boron fertilizer.

2.4 Conduct pest control

After the occurrence of pests and diseases, different pests and diseases should be treated. The concentration of the spray should be appropriate, and the frequency should not be excessive. The foliar fertilizer should be sprayed once on the second day after spraying. The dosage is: 0.20% potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Ten 0.20% urea ten 0.10% ternary compound fertilizer ten 0.20% sugar ten vinegar, in order to improve the plant's resistance to resistance and prevent premature aging.

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