To cultivate carrots in early spring, it is necessary to choose a variety that has a short growing period, strong cold resistance, and culturing in the spring. After many years of tests conducted by technical staff of the Yongqing Vegetable Administrative Agency, it was found that the main varieties with strong adaptability include the “New Kuroda 5-inch ginseng” and “Spring and Autumn Three Red Five-inch Ginseng” and “Super Red Crown”.

2, determine the sowing date

According to the experience in production, the minimum temperature for the sprouting of the carrot is 7 degrees, and the suitable temperature for the carrot root expansion is 18 to 25 degrees Celsius. The appropriate sowing date of spring radish in Langfang area can be from late February to early March (covered by small arch sheds), and from mid-to-late March to early April (without small sheds to cover cultivation). If the sowing is too early, prone to convulsions will occur. If the sowing is too late, the summer rain will be encountered in the late growth period. If the drainage is poor, it will cause the carrot roots to cause dead seedlings.

3, land selection

Due to the fact that carrot roots are deeply rooted in soil, the choice of soil looseness, deep soil layer, good drainage and irrigation, and organic-rich sandy loam soil or loam soil for carrot cultivation can yield higher yields. If the soil layer is too shallow, or there are many debris, the fleshy roots are easy to bend, short, and have more fork roots and lower commodity rates. Therefore, it is required that the soil be deeply ploughed by 30-50 cm, combined with deep ploughing into the base fertilizer, applying 3,000 to 5,000 kilograms of fertilizer for good quality per 667 m2, 20 kg of diammonium phosphate, and 15 kg of urea.

4. Preparation before broadcast

In order to promote early germination and emergence, soaking and germination should be carried out before sowing by soaking in warm water of 30-35°C for 3 to 4 hours, removing it and putting it in a wet towel or bag to moisturize it, and placing it at a temperature of 25-30°C. ~ 4 days, regular stirring and rinsing, until 80% to 90% of the seeds can be mixed with wet sand after dew whitening, can be mixed with some more suitable sand, so that sowing uniform.

5, sowing

There are two types of cultivation: ridging and sowing. The ridge drilling and sowing is a bit of good irrigation and drainage, and the output of the carrot is of good commercial quality and high yield; the disadvantage is that the operation is relatively complicated and inconvenient for mechanized operation. Generally, in the case of better fertilizer and water conditions, the spacing of the rows of flat carrots sown with 10 cm 10 cm or 12 cm 12 cm is appropriate; the ridge cultivation is 6 cm, the ridge width is 6 cm, and the spacing is 10 cm. The cover soil is about 1.5 cm thick. The top of the seed floating soil should be finely crushed. After sowing, lightly suppress the sorghum, so that the seeds and the soil combine closely. On the day of sowing or on the second day, with 50% paraquat 450g per 667 square meters and spraying 75kg of glutinous surface, the weeding effect is better. After spring sowing, the radish is covered with a layer of plastic film (or a small shed) on the surface to achieve the effect of warming and protecting the soil. It can also prevent the soil from being hardened due to raining.

6, post-broadcast management

After sowing, we should keep the soil moist and create conditions conducive to seed germination and emergence. Spring radish seedlings must be subjected to thinning and cultivating. Generally, 2 to 3 thinnings should be carried out, and the first time in 1 to 2 true leaves, remove them. Inferior seedlings, weak seedlings and too dense seedlings; the second time in 3 to 4 true leaves, the seedlings will be fixed after the seedlings, Dingmian plants spacing 10 cm, spacing 10 to 12 cm. See the seedlings the best way to break the seedlings to prevent loosening the soil when the seedlings, causing root damage, causing dead seedlings, fork root, affecting yield and quality.

In the vigorous growth stage above the ground, the water should be properly controlled, and the cultivators should be planted to prevent the growth of fleshy roots due to the length and length of the seedlings. The root enlargement period is the period when the carrot grows fastest, and it is also the period with the most demand for water. It is necessary to fully replenish the water, and watering is best performed in the morning and at night. Carrot hi phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, should not be excessive nitrogen fertilizer, in the growing season, usually top dressing 2 to 3 times. The first time in the 5 to 7 days after the start of seedlings, combined with 3 kg water per 667 square meters of ammonium sulfate, 3 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, or 500 kg of decomposed human urine. The second or third fertilizer is applied every 20 days or so. Carrots are tolerant to drought. In addition to watering with top dressing, they are rarely watered. In the cultivation, we should try to prevent the occurrence of inferior roots:

(1) Broken roots refer to the cracking of the fleshy roots, which is not easy to store and transport. The reason is that the uneven supply of soil moisture, suddenly dry and damp, or continuous cloudy, sudden heavy rain; skin damage (frozen injury, injury, pests, etc.). Prevention method: In the period of meat root swelling, attention must be paid to uniform water supply and timely control of underground pests.

(2) Deafness, also known as hollowness, refers to the loss of water in the center of the fleshy root, which seriously affects the quality of the food. The reason is that the water supply before and after the growth period is not uniform, such as the previous period of wet and late drought; more emphasis on nitrogen fertilizer; early bolting; storage and transportation caused by high temperature and dry. Prevent methods: pay attention to balanced water supply before and after; balanced fertilization; choose a good variety of spring plants; create a suitable storage environment.

(3) Fork root refers to the abnormal expansion of lateral roots of radish, forming a forked fleshy root. The reason is that when the seeds germinate, the radicles are destroyed; in the soil there are hard objects, the plough layer is shallow, and the soil is heavy, which makes the downward growth of the roots of the meat obstructed; the fertilization is not uniform, or the fertilizer is not completely decomposed, and the main root is damaged; When managing, weeding or cultivating damage the root tip. Prevention methods: Fine soil preparation, picking up hard objects such as stones and bricks, selecting soils that are not overly viscous, deepening the arable land, applying completely decomposed organic fertilizers to avoid burning roots, and using cultivators and weeds carefully to avoid Root damage.

7, pest control

In the early spring, there were fewer pests and diseases of carrots, and it was observed that there was no other pest risk except for the damaging effects of seedlings. Controlling cockroaches can be made into baits using trichlorfon, phoxim and wheat bran and spread in the fields before evening.

8, harvest

Early spring carrots from sowing to harvest about 90 days, generally harvested at the end of June to early July, when the mature performance of the leaves no longer grow, no new leaves, the lower leaves turn yellow. Early and late harvesting can affect the character of carrots and thus affect the yield. If you are not in a hurry to market, you can store the carrots in a cool, well-ventilated place at a temperature of 0 to 3°C to extend the time-to-market.

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