The compound microbial fertilizer is conducive to the growth of crops. Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture and the National Agricultural Development Office issued the “Notice on Agricultural Comprehensive Development Regional Recycling Agriculture Project”, aiming at promoting the sustainable development of agriculture, promoting the coordinated development of the breeding industry, and carrying out livestock and poultry farming. Work on the utilization of resources and the comprehensive development of agricultural and side resources. The data shows that the total amount of crop straw and livestock manure in China is 3.4 billion tons per year, including 4.125 million tons of nitrogen, 2.25 million tons of phosphorus, 4.5 million tons of potassium, and 477 million tons of organic matter. If these substances are not treated, they will seriously damage the ecological environment; if used properly, they can be used as high-quality compound microbial fertilizers.

The treatment of agricultural waste into composite microbial fertilizer mainly has the following effects:

First, realize the recycling of agricultural waste. Agricultural waste mainly refers to livestock manure, straw and processed products of agricultural products. These substances are rich in various nutrients and organic matter. These nutrients can be used as microbial culture medium, and they are fermented by microorganisms to make nitrogen. Source conversion, cellulose decomposition, pathogen killing, heavy metal passivation and antibiotic decomposition, transform waste resources into high-quality compound microbial fertilizers, and achieve agricultural waste resource recycling. It not only solves the problems of livestock and poultry farming and straw pollution, but also provides high-quality fertilizer resources for agriculture.

Second, promote the balance of soil ecosystems. Due to long-term farming and environmental impact factors, there are many problems in China's soil ecosystem, such as: reduced organic matter content, compaction, salinization, and reduction of soil microbial population. The fertilizer produced by processing a large amount of agricultural waste is rich in organic matter, and also contains a large amount of nutrients and beneficial microorganisms. These nutrients can meet the problems currently faced by the soil while satisfying the nutrients required by the plants. Can effectively promote the balance of soil ecosystem.

Once again, ensure that “weight loss and efficiency” is effective and effective. According to China's soil status and fertilizer use, in 2015 the country proposed a “weight loss and efficiency” action plan for chemical fertilizers. The data shows that the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers in China is 35.2% in the quarter, far lower than the 50% in the US and 65% in Europe. Mainly due to fertilization methods and fertilizer varieties. The inorganic nutrients, organic matter and microorganisms contained in the compound microbial fertilizers are complementary to the soil ecosystem, and the microorganisms and humic substances can transform the fixed salts in the soil and slow down the release of nitrogen to achieve weight loss and synergy. the goal of.

Finally, it achieves the dual purpose of quality and safety of agricultural products. Agricultural production is an open system, and its influencing factors include fertilizers, pesticides, water, air and preservation methods. Due to the excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides and the poor quality control of agricultural products during the planting process, the quality of agricultural products will decline, nitrates will be enriched, heavy metals will exceed the standard, and plant growth regulators will be improperly used.

In the compound microbial fertilizer, functional microorganisms and natural minerals can be added to degrade antibiotics and passivate heavy metals, so as to ensure the output of agricultural products and improve the quality. Experiments show that compared with conventional compound fertilizer, tomato using compound microbial fertilizer can be listed for 10~12 days in advance, solid content increased by 28.3%, nitrate content decreased by 9.4%, and delayed onset of 10-15 days, plant resistance increased.

In order to increase the utilization of agricultural waste resources and the promotion of compound microbial fertilizers, the Shenyang Institute of Ecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has done a lot of work over the years. So far, in China, especially in the northern region, we have cooperated with more than 40 enterprises to establish an agricultural waste resource utilization base through the transformation of results, and have processed more than 12 million tons of agricultural waste resources such as livestock and poultry manure and straw to produce compound microbial fertilizer. The bio-organic fertilizer is more than 4.1 million tons. On the basis of reducing the chemical fertilizer input by 25%, the average mu yield is increased by more than 7.5%, and the average mu income is over 217.3 yuan, with significant economic and social benefits.

In short, vigorously developing compound microbial fertilizers is the need to realize the utilization of agricultural resources, the need for sustainable development of agriculture, and the need for human and nature to coexist harmoniously. (Author: Institute of Ecological Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences) Journal of Chinese Academy of Sciences (2016-11-16 5th edition of Agricultural Weekly)

The URL of this paper: What are the advantages of compound microbial fertilizer? What are the ways to explore the sustainable development of compound microbial fertilizer?

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