White prawn

1. Selection of Seedlings In recent years, thanks to the large-scale promotion of freshwater aquaculture of Penaeus vannamei in South America, the aquaculture area of ​​the freshwater aquaculture areas in East China and South China has increased dramatically, and the demand for shrimp seedlings has also increased significantly. Excessive demand has caused the decline in the quality of seedlings, and has caused a large number of poor quality seedlings to flow throughout the country. According to our rough investigation, most of the shrimp seedlings provided by the seedling farms are the eggs produced by the seventh and eighth generations of self-produced broodstock of the Hawaiian native broodstock, and some are simply wild broodstock caught locally in the South China Sea area. Hybrid breeding results in serious degradation of germplasm, and the virus detection rate is as high as 60%-70%. The incidence rate during the breeding process is high and the risk is extremely high. After growing, the specifications are generally small, individual differences are large, and the price does not go up. The shrimp farms in the East China and South China freshwater areas are actually holding farms to dilute the seedlings, and some of them are indiscriminate in terms of the background of the seedlings. As long as they are cheap, they can make money. As a result, the survival rate after the seedlings is too low (below 30%). Great breeding risk. The superiority and inferiority of shrimp seedlings is the first element of successful breeding, and the germplasm quality is poor.

Second, the breeding density

Breeding density is an important factor affecting the size and cost of shrimp. In the past, high shrimp prices prompted farmers to blindly pursue yields and increase their breeding density. As long as they have high yields, they have high yields. As a result, they have gradually developed a habit of high seedling density in semi-intensive ponds (15-25 million tail/mu). . At such a density, there are about 100,000 to 150,000/mu of remaining seedlings. With high density and high pressure in the aquaculture water, the general breeding period is extended to 120-150 days, and the adult shrimp reach 100 pigs per kilogram. This not only greatly increases the risk of breeding, but also significantly increases the cost. Properly reducing the breeding density, shortening the breeding period, and increasing the size of shrimps are the fundamental ways out of this misunderstanding.

Third, disease prevention measures

Disease control is another important factor affecting the cost of farming. Since last year's sharp drop in shrimp prices, more than 80% of farmers were afraid of losses, simply do not have to use drugs or just use a bit of bleach, and some even buy cheaper medicines. The result is that they have repeatedly become ill and suffer even more. Many farmers said: "Without drugs, shrimp will be killed, and medicines will be used, which will lead to losses." In fact, this is the key to not catching up with ecological farming - to prevent this. The water quality is adjusted well, and the cost of oral administration of some preventive drugs is very low. In summary, the emphasis is on selecting high-quality seedlings, emphasizing reasonable breeding density, adhering to a healthy breeding model that focuses on prevention and rational use of medicines, and reducing the incidence rate and increasing the shrimp size by optimizing the water quality and improving the shrimp's own immunity. Shortening the breeding period is the only way to reduce the cost of breeding, raise the breeding efficiency, and thus withstand the risk of breeding and the market risk, and it is also the only way for the freshwater culture of Latin American white prawn not to have a catastrophic landslide. If it can eventually develop into a large-scale pollution-free brand shrimp culture, it will further improve the industry's ability to sustain development.

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