Prediction and Prevention of Main Diseases and Insects in Autumn Flowers
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November 05 21:01:29, 2018
In the process of cultivation, flowers are vulnerable to many kinds of pests, affecting the normal growth and ornamental value of flowers. According to the survey, the major pests that have recently occurred are: whiteflies, scale insects, anthrax, chrysanthemum black spot, and roundworms. The recent weather is conducive to the occurrence and development of these pests, and it is expected that the above-mentioned diseases and insects will be moderate to overweight. The whitefly is responsible for a variety of flower species, especially the most serious damage to poinsettia. In recent investigations of flower varieties such as poinsettia, cherubs, leaf peony, and cineraria, generally 19 to 193 vegetative live insects, with each individual having as many as 200 heads per leaf. The worm has the characteristics of rapid propagation, overlap of generations, and high resistance to drugs. If it is poorly controlled, it will rapidly spread its damage. In severe cases, the victim suffers from leaf curling, greenish yellowing, and even dryness. The future high-temperature dry weather is extremely beneficial to the occurrence and reproduction of whiteflies. It is expected that the insects will be moderately heavy during August-September. There are many species of the scale insects in the flowers in the city, including the shield bugs, cotton aphids, and wax aphids. In recent surveys, the leaf avulsion rate was 6.7% and the incidence of leaf larvae was 6.7%, of which nymphs accounted for 70%. It is expected that the insects will be moderate in August-September. Anthrax According to the survey, the disease is caused by damage to Hawaiian coconuts, chrysanthemums, white palms, dahlias and other flowers. Chrysanthemums are the most affected. The incidence rate of general strains is 7-40%, and the seriousness is as high as 92.9%. The incidence of leaf diseases is 29.9%. Incidence rates of chrysanthemum, dahlia and hawaiian coconut were 35%, 7% and 27.3%, respectively. The disease was easily induced at high temperature, improper fertilization, and injury to medicine. The recent wet weather of chrysanthemum black spot disease can easily induce the occurrence and development of the disease. In recent investigations such as Lijin and Anning princesses, the occurrence of black spot disease was heavier. In particular, chrysanthemums in the middle growth period and planting density are the most affected. The incidence rate of the strain reaches 30-80%, and the severity is as high as 100%. The incidence of leaf is 56.8%, of which the seedling period is 44%, and the middle seedling period is 61.4%. According to the forecast of the municipal meteorological department, the rainfall in August is 1-2% higher. , and there were 5 heavy rains during the precipitation process. It is beneficial to the occurrence and development of diseases. It is expected that the above two diseases will occur more seriously during August-September. In addition, locust infestation occurred in some places, the damage rate of the angelic leaves was 17%, and the number of live larvae was 1105, among which nymphs accounted for 99.4%. It is also a critical period for prevention and control. It is expected that the locusts will be more emphasis on some flowers. Prevention Opinions In order to ensure the normal growth of flowers, localities should do a good job of prevention and control of pests and diseases according to local conditions. 1. Prevention and treatment of flower pinkflies and scale insects should be taken during the peak period of nymphs. Scale insects: The use of 40% speed culling or 40% speed gram 1000-1500 times or 40% omethoate 1000 times spray. Whitefly and aphids: 10% Kangfu Duo 1500-2000 times or 2% diflubenzuron 2000 times or 10% imidacloprid or 3% diosmium 1000 times spray can be used, spraying once every 7-10 days, even spraying 2-3 times. 2, prevention and treatment of flower diseases, in the seedling stage or early onset of drug use, spraying once every 10-15 days, continuous spray 4-5 times. Chrysanthemum melasma: 1) After flowering, cut off the above-ground parts to burn the diseased plants; 2) Remove the diseased leaves at the early stage of disease; 3) Use 50% carbendazim 500 times or 80% for the agent, 800 times or 25% The enemy off 1000-1500 times liquid prevention. Anthracnose: Use 50% Shi Bao Gong 1000 times or 40% Shi Bao Le 1500 times or 75% chlorothalonil + 70% thiophanate 1000 times spray