How to produce a high yield of spring wolfberry vegetables (1)
December 22 09:16:11, 2018
Precocious cultivation of potato potato in early spring has two ways: small film covered with plastic film, small film with thick film and small film with shed film. Potatoes cultivated in these ways can be marketed 10 to 20 days earlier than conventional open-field cultivated potatoes. Regardless of the type of cover used for selection of improved varieties, it is best to use the Dongnong 303 or Kexin No. 4 original species transferred from the northeast, and no self-cultivated species can be used. About 150 kilograms are used for the mu. Big potatoes can be cut and sowed. Each seed potato weighs 20-25 grams and 2 or 3 buds. It is inconvenient to apply base fertilizer after applying the film, and the fertilizer should be applied before the film is coated. When ploughing, Mu uses 50 kg of sulfur-containing compound fertilizer (15% nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) to spread. After the soil preparation, the farmer organic fertilizer such as livestock manure or human excreta is more than 30, and the hole is deeper and larger. First use human excrement to acupuncture, then apply a pair of livestock manure, and then cover with a layer of soil to avoid direct contact of seed potatoes and fertilizers, affecting emergence. The remaining fertilizer can be applied between rows and then covered with soil, so that the fertilizer can be continuously supplied, and then there is no need to top-dress. Chemical weeding shall be carried out before cover filming after chemical weeding and sowing of cover to prevent weeding. Mu 50% acetochlor 75 to 100 ml fine spray on the water field. When spraying, it is required that the soil be moist and the fields should be flat in order to enhance the weeding effect. Carefully cover the thin film film, compact it with soil around it, and ensure that the seal does not leak before emergence. After emergence, the mulching film should be broken in time and the seedlings should be sealed with mud in order to increase the soil temperature. Covered by arch sheds, it should be ventilated and ventilated when exposed to high temperatures in sunny weather to prevent high temperatures from burning seedlings. Chemically regulate the potato from the initial flowering stage to the full flowering stage, with 30 ml Uniconazole water 48 kilograms evenly sprayed on the plants, can play a role in enhancing plant resistance, reducing disease, prevent leggy, early maturation and increase production. Generally can increase production by 10% to 15%. Diseases during the growth of disease-resistant pests and potatoes are mainly caused by late blight. When sporadic diseased plants are discovered, they should be removed in time. Then, Tiantian is sprayed with 25% of Rhodiola and 800 times of spray. Pests are mainly 28-star ladybugs and aphids. The 28-spot ladybug can be sprayed with 80% dichlorvos 500 times, and the aphid can be sprayed with 10% imidacloprid 2000 times. The selection of rapeseed varieties should be based on high-quality winter, rapeseed, cold-resistant, storage-resistant, disease-resistant, high-yield rapeseed rape, Nannong dwarf yellow, April slow and May slow and other fine varieties. Cultivating strong seedlings The early spring oilseed rape is mostly fast-growing, intercropping, and must be transplanted. The seeds were first soaked in water at 25°C for 3 to 4 hours, and then germinated at 20°C for 24 hours to sprout. The seedbed is applied with 12 kilograms of high-quality rotting organic fertilizer per square meter, and then a small amount of ternary compound fertilizer is added. The cultivating is done by ploughing and leveling, watering sowing, 15 to 20 grams of seeds can be sprinkled per square meter, and the cover soil is 1 centimeter thick. Cover straw grass moisturizing. After sowing, the temperature was kept at 20-25°C, and it decreased to 15°C-20°C after emergence and 10°C at night. Although rape is more cold-resistant, the temperature should not be too low to prevent premature bolting. The seedlings can be sprinkled with a layer of finely grounded soil when there is no dew. In order to reach the seedlings in time, the seedlings should be kept at a distance of about 4 cm, and 30 to 40 days after sowing, the seedlings should be planted with 3 to 4 shoots. Twice transplanting generally applies 5000 kilograms of cooked manure per acre, then add 30 kg of diammonium phosphate, then deep plowing, flattening 1 meter wide, open 5 rows of small ditch, planting seedlings at a spacing of 10 cm, 3.5 plants per acre. 10,000 plants. The depth of planting is appropriate for burying in the base of the first true leaf petiole, and watering immediately after the planting is completed. The amount of water should not be too large. After the seedling is tempered, the seedlings are slowly irrigated, and they can be ventilated appropriately. The daytime temperature is maintained at about 20°C and 6°C to 10°C at night. Sunny cultivating 1 or 2 times. After the plants began to grow new leaves, 15 to 20 kilograms of ammonium sulfate or 10 to 15 kilograms of ammonium nitrate was applied per acre, and they were then watered. When the base fertilizer is insufficient, it can be top-dressed in advance. In the early spring, when there are days of cloudy snow weather, the light is weak, and photosynthesis cannot be carried out normally. The temperature should be reduced appropriately to minimize the respiratory consumption, and special attention should be paid to uncovering the straw curtain. On the first sunny day after the cloudy day, if the sunlight is too strong, the rape can be wilted. At this time, some straw curtains should be covered immediately. After the rape is returned to normal, all the straw curtains will be uncovered. If locusts are found, they can be sprayed with 20% speeding 2500 times or 2.5% fluoxetane 1800 times. The small pumpkin is a kind of small pumpkin with good quality, unique flavor, like sweet chestnut, delicate meat and deeply favored by consumers. Because of its low sugar content, it is particularly suitable for diabetics. Immersion seed germination of small pumpkin commodity seed prices are higher, need to soak germination, in order to improve the bud rate and reduce costs. The specific method is to use 50% carbendazim to soak water for 500 hours for 24 hours, rinse with clean water, then soak the seeds with warm water at 55°C for 10 minutes, put them into a gauze bag, place them in a constant temperature box, and control the temperature. Between 28 °C and 32 °C, germination can occur within 48 hours. Hotbed nursery Small pumpkins Spring greenhouse cultivation is usually planted in February. Before planting, make a good bed in the nursery greenhouse. The soil used in the hotbeds was 5 parts of soil, 3 parts of decomposed compost, and 2 parts of ash. The well-mixed and well-distributed beds were paved with 8-cm thick seedbeds and were thoroughly watered. The buds were sown on a seed bed at a distance of 55 cm. The shoot tips were to be directed downwards and then covered with a bed of soil about 2 cm thick. Spread the mulch, set up a small arch shed and cover the film and non-woven fabric (or grasshopper), keep the bed temperature at 22°C～23°C (if the temperature does not reach the available heating line for heating), pass 3～5 Days can emerge, after the emergence of seedlings in a timely manner to remove the film. When the cotyledon of the seedlings spread flat and leaves the true leaves, they are transplanted into the plastic nutrition bowl. Seedlings should pay attention to exfoliate seedlings to prevent leggy, when the seedlings 2 leaves 1 heart or 3 leaves 1 heart when planting. The small squash planted in the greenhouse was transplanted and planted in mid-March. Planting fields should choose fertile and loose fields, and should not be used in conjunction with melon crops. Ten days before colonization, the greenhouse membrane was affixed to increase the temperature in the shed. The soil was ploughed 15-20 centimeters deep and 4,000 kg of organic fertilizer and 200 kg of three-element compound fertilizer were applied per acre. The field will be built into 3 turns, each 2 meters wide, leaving two 50 cm wide operation roads in the middle. We sprayed 41% of Gunda on the weeds for chemical weeding, mulching, and perforating and planting. Each double row, spacing 1.2 meters, 0.6 meters spacing, 1100 per mu conservation seedlings. After planting, water should be poured to live trees. The shed should be maintained in high temperature and humidity within 3 to 4 days to facilitate the seedlings to grow roots and live trees. Field management 1, regulate temperature and humidity. Pumpkin is a warm crop, so maintaining a high temperature and suitable humidity in the greenhouse is a key measure to promote pumpkin growth and seize high yields. The daytime temperature should be controlled at 25°C～28°C. When the temperature exceeds 30°C, the ventilation of the skirt film should be opened. The night temperature should not be lower than 10°C. If necessary, a small arch can be added to increase the night temperature. The humidity in the shelter is generally controlled between 60% and 70%. 2, cited vines on the shelves. In order to make use of space and increase the light, cultivation of small pumpkin greenhouses can be carried out with hedgerows. About 35 days after planting, the main vine 7 leaf 1 heart when the introduction of vines. The use of single vine pruning, leaving the main vine flowering results, all side vine buds wiped away, in order to facilitate air ventilation. When the main vine has 40 leaves topping topping. 3, artificial pollination. In order to improve the fruit setting rate, artificial pollination must be carried out. After the female flowers are open, take the male flowers that were open on the same day. After the crown, hold the flower stalk to gently wipe the stamen on the female styling head, or use a brush to draw pollen on the female styling head. Pollination needs to be completed before 10 a.m. After fruit set, thinning and fruit thinning are performed according to soil fertility and plant growth. Generally, only 1 or 2 plants remain in one plant. 4, supplement fertilizer water. After the small pumpkin was rooted and live, 0.3% urea was applied as a top dressing every 7-10 days to make the plants robust. During the flowering period, more nutrients are consumed, and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or three-element compound fertilizer can be applied every 10 to 15 days for top dressing. Fertilizers are topped once after each harvest. 5. Pest control. Insect pests of pumpkins are less, mainly pests such as locusts and guardian melon insects, which can be sprayed and controlled 1000 times with 40% dimethoate or 15% imipramine. The main diseases of pumpkin are anthrax, powdery mildew and viral diseases. 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder can be used 700-800 times and 15% triadimefon WP 1500 times, and can also be used in the greenhouse to use the aluminum fosfate and quick-cloaking aerosol for fumigation control.
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