Green leaf melon bacterial leaf spot disease
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November 15 16:07:03, 2018
In recent years, with the expansion of the cultivated area of ​​thick muskmelon in protected areas and the increase of multiple cropping index, the types of diseases of muskmelon have also increased. In addition to the frequent occurrence of diseases such as powdery mildew, downy mildew, and blight, bacterial leaf spot has emerged in the past two years. The disease has a wide incidence area and a large degree of harm, which has aroused everyone's concern. In some regions, the occurrence and prevention of the disease is not yet very clear, and it is often confused with downy mildew. Because of the misuse of pesticides against downy mildew, it cannot receive better control efficiency and bring about some losses in production. The causes of the disease and its prevention and control methods are described below. ? First, the pathogen? According to reports, the pathogen of bacterial leaf spot of melon is Xanthomonas sinensis, its development is suitable temperature at 25 ~ 28 °C, 36 °C can grow, more than 40 °C death. Major infestation of melon plants leaves, stems, fruits. II. Symptoms? (1) The leaves are immersed in round spots and gradually develop into small yellow-brown spots on the edges. They are enlarged and browned. The disease progresses along the leaf veins to the petiole. Finally, multiple lesions heal into large brown spots. . Bacterial pus is not easy to see on the back of diseased leaves, and the lesions are not polygonal. This is the main difference from downy mildew. (2) The culm of the vine is brown, and then the peripheries of the culm are enlarged and rotted, withering at the top of the vine and finally dying. (3) The incidence of young fruit and unripe fruit is the appearance of green water immersed spots of varying amounts on the skin. After the fruit matures, it develops an irregular central uplifted corked lesion. The lesion is still surrounded by green water. , directly affect the appearance of the fruit, make the soon-to-be mature fruit lose its commodity value, and reduce economic income. Third, the infection approach? (1) pathogens can be attached to the seed until the seeds germinate when invading the stem, leaf disease, can also remain in the stubble on the soil in winter, next year with water droplets from the stem, leaves, stomata, water Holes and other places invade the plant. (2) After propagation in the plant, overflow from lesions, stomata, etc., and repeat infestation with spatter. (3) It is easy to be affected by the temperature of 25 to 28°C and the humidity is relatively high, and the disease in the high-temperature and dry climate is lighter. Fourth, control measures? (1) seed disinfection before sowing, with 45% Daisin ammonium water 300 times solution soaking 15 to 20 minutes, the seeds washed with water before germination sowing. (2) Pre-planting greenhouses are treated with chlorinated bitter fumigant for disinfection. In particular, the former is a greenhouse of melon crops. This work is even more important. (3) Strengthen ventilation management, reduce the humidity in the shelter, avoid splashing of rain, and give the germs an environment that cannot survive and spread. (4) In the early stage of disease, 72% of agricultural streptomycin or neomycin may be sprayed at a concentration of 10010-6 to 20010-6, and chloramphenicol may also be sprayed at a concentration of 5010-6 to 10010-6. Spraying with 14% Ammonia Bronze Aqueous Solution 350 times also had better results. ?