Fertilization of fruit trees in winter is very important, which has a great impact on the growth of fruit trees in the coming year, and it is related to the yield of fruit trees in the second year. Therefore, in winter, the fertilization management of fruit trees should be strengthened, then how to fertilize winter fruit trees.

First, choose fertilizer. High-quality fertilizers include fermented compost, manure, circle fertilizer, green manure, crop straw, human excrement, chicken manure and so on. These organic fertilizers have a variety of nutrients required for fruit trees, and continuous application in large quantities can effectively improve orchard soil. The amount of organic fertilizer applied can be 2-3 kg of fertilizer per 1 kg of fruit produced, or 20-30 kg of organic fertilizer per adult fruit tree. It should be noted that the organic fertilizer must be fully decomposed, and the organic fertilizer that has not been decomposed is directly applied to the soil, and a large amount of heat is generated during the fermentation process to cause root burning.

Second, pay attention to the time of fertilization. According to the growth law of the roots of winter fruit trees, under normal circumstances, the best time for the basic fertilizer in autumn is mid-September, and the other fertilization period is between early October and mid-November. If both of these times are missed. In the spring of the second year, the soil should be fertilized early after thawing.

Third, fertilization methods. When fertilizing in winter, fertilize the trunk on the ground under the canopy, and keep a distance of about 80 cm from the middle dry, and dig 4-6 radial grooves outward. The inside is narrow and wide, and the inside is shallow. Deep, or digging a few strips of grooves in the outer edge of the canopy. Generally, the ditch is 20~40 cm deep, 40 cm wide and 80 cm long. When digging trenches, if you encounter thick roots with a diameter of 1.5 cm or more. Remember to try not to cut it. After the fertilizer is applied, it cannot be covered immediately. The fertilizer and soil should be thoroughly stirred evenly, and then covered, and watered, and the appropriate amount can be used.

Fourth, ammonium bicarbonate cannot be applied in the absence of water in the fruit trees. Since ammonium bicarbonate is very unstable, it is easily volatilized. Therefore, whether the ammonium bicarbonate is used as a base fertilizer or a top dressing, it should be applied in the case where the orchard soil is wet, and the soil should be covered immediately after application.

Fifth, ammonium sulfate cannot be applied repeatedly. Especially in the orchard of acidic soil or slightly alkaline soil, continuous application of ammonium sulfate will increase the acidity of the soil and cause soil compaction, which will affect the root growth in winter.

Sixth, avoid watering after applying urea. According to the characteristics of urea, the fruit tree absorbs ammonium carbonate, which is converted from nitrogen in urea. Therefore, if water is applied immediately after urea application, it will cause a large loss of nitrogen and reduce fertilizer utilization. After urea, it will take a while to re-water.

Seventh, supplement the application of micro-fertilizer. The demand for micro-fertilizer in fruit trees is not large, but it is indispensable. When a certain supply of micro-fertilizer is insufficient, fruit trees are prone to physiological diseases such as deficiency syndrome, such as yellowing disease in iron deficiency and lobular disease in zinc deficiency. For fruit trees with iron deficiency in normal years, ferrous sulfate should be added to the base fertilizer, but the direct application of ferrous sulfate into the soil will be quickly converted into insoluble compounds, so the effect of simultaneous application with organic fertilizer is better. For orchards that are deficient in boron and zinc deficiency all year round, the application of base fertilizer and ditch application and hole application method are applied to boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer respectively. Generally, 50 grams of boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer are applied to each adult tree.

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