Problems Occurring in Planting Eurasian Grapes in the South and Countermeasures
December 07 20:13:22, 2018
1. Problems Occurring in Planting Eurasian Grapes in the South (1) The occurrence of pests and diseases is heavier. The cultivation of European and Asian grapes in open fields in the south can infect almost all fungal diseases, especially blackpox, anthracnose, white rot, and downy mildew. Rain cultivation can significantly reduce the above diseases, but powdery mildew has an increasing trend. The damage to the spider has also been aggravated, causing the leaves to yellow and shrink. (2) Poor flower bud differentiation. The vast majority of European and Asian grape species show longevity in the south and their nutrition grows too prosperous. If the fertilization during the growing season is irrational and the control of the shoot is poor, as well as improper winter pruning, the empty shoot rate is high and the yield per mu is less than 500 kg. (3) It is prone to physiological diseases. For example, if the groundwater level is high, due to poor drainage, the leaves may be easily yellowed and the leaf margin may be scorched. Young fruit in the case of high temperature prone to sunburn and so on. (4) The size of the fruit is too small and it is difficult to color the red variety. Red Globe grapes grown in the South, fully mature fruit weight is only 8-9 grams, the coloring is light, soluble solids content is only 14% -16%, taste lighter. This is related to the fact that the temperature difference in the south is small, there is more rain in the growing season, the lack of light, and the excessive growth of the branches cause the lack of organic nutrients in the fruit. (5) Cracking of some varieties. In the south, some varieties such as Blush, early Yu easily cracked fruit. If there is excessive rainfall during mature period or there is sufficient groundwater, a certain degree of cracking will occur even if the shelter is cultivated from the rain. In addition, because many people in the South do not understand Eurasian species habits, they often manage Eurasian grape varieties according to the management model of the Kyoho variety, such as topping or spraying growth inhibitors before flowering, and using common swelling agents on Fujiminori grapes, etc. There have been many problems. 2. Suggestions for Developing Eurasian Grapes in the South (1) Variety Selection. There are many varieties of Eurasian grape varieties that can be selected based on specific conditions. From the cultivation difficulty level can be divided into easy to plant varieties, such as red high, Victoria, Christmas rose, etc.; not easy to plant varieties, such as the Red Earth, the beautiful person, Rizamat and so on. In the summer and autumn, where typhoons have been attacked, early and mid-maturing varieties should be selected. Whether or not a species can develop depends on the overall performance under the same climatic conditions for more than three years and the market's demand for the variety. (2) Avoid rain cultivation. This is a necessary condition for the success of grape cultivation in southern Europe and Asia. There are many forms, there are standard steel frame greenhouses, there are also simple bamboo structure rain shelters. In short, as long as it can protect the grape from rain, it will do. (3) Promote flower bud differentiation. The flower bud differentiation of Eurasian species in the southern natural conditions is not as good as in the north. In particular, for certain overgrowth varieties such as Meirenzhizhi and Rizamat, the following flower promotion measures may be adopted: 1 Strictly control the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer and increase the carbon/nitrogen ratio; 2 Appropriate growth potential should be adopted Rack type, such as "high, wide, vertical T-frame" or horizontal scaffolding, to control the top edge; 3 multiple cropping phase combined with spray growth inhibitors for chemical regulation; 4 should be selected in the winter to stay short, full of buds Substantial shoots, pruning mid shoots, and leaving some of the resulting mother shoots as appropriate, and sparse empty branches when buds emerge; 5 As the age of the trees increases, the canopy is expanded by systematic thinning; 6 Orchards with less buds It can be properly cut off before flowering. (4) Standardized fruit production, strict control of production, and improvement of fruit quality. Taking the beautiful person as an example, 1000 kg per mu is an indicator. Each mu requires 1800-2000 spikes, 50-60 grains per panicle, 500-600 g standard panicle weight, 10-12 g grain weight, and 18% sugar content. The fruit is bright red, uniform in appearance, and the average grain length is more than 4 cm. The price of such products can reach 20-30 yuan per kilogram, and the output value per mu is more than 20,000 yuan. (5) bagging. Even if the greenhouse is sheltered from rain, we must promote bagging, and use special high-quality fruit bags to make the fruit smooth and evenly colored. There are fruit powder varieties with strong fruit powder, which can reduce pesticide pollution, reduce cracking, and reduce disease, insects and bird damage. (6) The fruit is not polluted. For the current situation of agricultural pesticides and fertilizer residues that are widespread, we must follow the pollution-free operating procedures and strictly monitor the entire process to produce nuisance-free grapes. (7) Other supporting measures. To prevent certain types of sunburn, you can leave some extra tips on the top of your ears as appropriate, and pay attention to satisfying the water supply; cover the ground with reflective film to facilitate coloring; birds should be severely fenced to prevent bird damage. In short, we must fully realize that the cultivation of Eurasian grape species in the south is carried out under unfavorable climatic conditions. To obtain market-recognized, pollution-free and high-quality fruit products, we must only increase investment and use new technologies and new equipment. Fine management to achieve, while obtaining higher benefits.
1) Size: 4.5 - 5.0cm, 5.0 - 5.5cm, 5.5 - 6.0cm, 6.0 - 6.5cm, 6.5cm and up
2) Transporting and storing temperature: -3 ~~ 0°C 3) Supply period: all the year round. a) Fresh garlic: early June to September. b) Cold storing garlic: September. to next May. 4) Plump shaped bulbs offer full flavored cloves that have a purplish hue. 5) The shelf life is long and it can be stored for up to 9 months under proper conditions. 6) It can produce wonderful flavors and have the beneficial effect of reducing bacteria, keeping the heart in good condition and immunity.
Packing:
1) Loose packing: a) 10kg/ctn b) 20kg/ctn c) 10kg/mesh bag d) 20kg/mesh bag 2) Small packing: a) 1kg/bag, 1kg x 10 bags/ctn b) 500g/bag, 500g x 20 bags/ctn c) 250g/bag, 250g x 40 bags/ctn d) 200g/bag, 200g x 50 bags/ctn e) 3pcs/bag, 10kg/ctn f) 4pcs/bag, 10kg/ctn g) 5pcs/bag, 10kg/ctn h) 1kg/bag, 5kg/mesh bag
