Organic rice efficient cultivation techniques
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2. Fertilizer Operation Organic rice production is an agricultural production system that completely eliminates any toxic and harmful substances such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and growth regulators, and does not use genetic engineering organisms and their products. Its core is the establishment and restoration of the biological diversity of agricultural ecosystems. Sex, to achieve a virtuous circle, and to maintain the sustainable development of agriculture. Therefore, organic biofertilizers such as crop straw, livestock manure, leguminous crops, green manure, and rapeseed cake are the main sources of soil fertility in organic plots.
1. Basal fertilizer: 100 kg per acre of cooked rapeseed cake or per acre with cooked chicken droppings or duck droppings of 50 kg applied to the soil before planting. Method of decomposing rapeseed cake, chicken manure or duck dung: mix thoroughly with 1 kg of rapeseed cake, chicken manure, or duck manure with 3 kg of enzyme-based fast rot in 7-10 days before use on unpolluted land. Humidity is controlled by hand, and it is scattered as a standard. Then it is covered with a plastic film and can be used after being sealed and fermented for 7 to 10 days. Note: The maximum temperature should be controlled between 50°C and 60°C during the process of sealing and decomposing. Because the temperature is too high, it will destroy the fertilizer effect.
2. Top-dressing: organic rice in the process of longevity, due to the lack of chemical fertilizer, often lack of delivery, pale leaves. Therefore, after 7 days of transplanting, 100kg of cooked rapeseed cake should be topdressed for tiller, and then 100kg of cooked rapeseed cake should be topped off in the early field to keep the existing tiller and increase tiller percentage.
3. Foliar spray fertilizer: Fermentation period in the field with enzyme bacteria liquid fertilizer, 5 times foliar spray: that is 15 days after planting, spraying enzyme liquid fertilizer per acre 150ml, to promote delivery; middle of the field, spraying per acre Enzyme bacteria liquid fertilizer 150ml, to promote tillering into the spike transformation; promotion of the flowering period that leaves the remaining 3.5 leaves, per acre spraying enzyme bacteria liquid fertilizer 150ml, to promote the differentiation of spikelets; the flowering period is the leaves of the remaining number of 1.5 leaves, spraying per acre Enzyme bacteria liquid fertilizer 150ml, to improve the seed setting rate; heading period, spraying per acre enzyme ferment liquid fertilizer 150ml, increased grain weight.
Third, plant protection technology Organic rice growth process, due to the ban on chemical pesticides and growth regulators, etc., Therefore, the control of pests and weeds mainly take the following measures:
1. Use insect resistant varieties.
2. Use rice fields to feed ducks or raise fish, use fish, ducks, and prey to control insect pests; if pests do not occur, they can be eliminated manually.
3. Through the scientific water layer management and the rational use of organic fertilizers to control the disease; Reasonable dense planting to prevent planting density is too large and cause pests and diseases; Scientific application of organic fertilizer to prevent excessive fertilization, prosperous love Qing, resulting in the occurrence of pests and diseases.
4. Grass damage can be achieved by advancing the field in advance, sowing the grass and germinating, recultivating the grass, manual weeding, and eradicating the grass source; the applied organic fertilizer must be fully decomposed, which can not contain living grass species; Scientific configuration spacing, Promote the early sealing of organic rice, and suppress turfgrass; special methods such as weeding film for organic fields can also be used for control.
Fourth, a few requirements for implementation
1. Isolation Area: Organic rice cultivation areas must have independent irrigation and drainage systems. The separation zone is at least 8 to 10m apart. There must be a buffer zone between the organic rice planting field and the conventional planting field. No other crops are allowed on the field heads around the organic rice cultivation block.
2. Breeding with a strong scorpion: Practice has shown that strong glutinous rice is one of the effective ways to increase the yield of organic rice. To this end, fertilizers should be applied during the seedling stage, and the amount of grain falling in the fields should be controlled below 40kg per mu.
3. Appropriately increase the transplanting density and plant the basic seedlings. Organic rice plants have the characteristics of short plant, pale leaf, insufficient ear, and low yield. Therefore, when organic rice is transplanted, it is necessary to increase seedlings and increase seedlings, and the basic seedlings are generally increased by 20% compared with conventional fields, so that the ear can be maintained when mature.
4. Conscientiously do a good job of field records: Establish a seedling situation, conduct regular surveys, and use organic fertilizer and spray liquid enzyme liquid fertilizer on time in the prescribed growth period. Organic rice paddies must be documented for every operational measure. All work tools should be flushed and the entire production process must be clean.
5. Enzyme bacteria liquid fertilizer spraying time should be carried out after 4 o'clock in the afternoon. If it rains within 6 hours after spraying, it needs to be sprayed once. Sprayer orifice should be fine, spray should be uniform, the concentration should be moderate, if sprayed with a mister, the concentration should be controlled at about 30 times.