At present, a large crop of vegetables is entering the late growth stage, the plants show different degrees of senescence, the resistance to stress is reduced, and the quality and yield of the fruit are beginning to decline. After the vegetable garden is cleared, most of the sheds will enter a 1-2 month rest shed period. So, for the vegetables at the end of the growth period, what aspects should be managed in order to extend the harvest period as much as possible and obtain higher economic benefits?

Strengthening the regulation of the environment is suitable for summer high temperature and strong light is the greatest adversity of vegetable production. Therefore, the environmental regulation of the shed should be carried out around shading and cooling. Shading nets and cooling agents are the best choices.

Use sunshade nets. When the sunshade net is used, it should be kept at a distance of 0.5-1m from the shed surface. In this way, there is enough space between the sunshade net and the shed film to ensure smooth air flow and accelerate the heat loss in the shed; The light intensity meets the needs of photosynthesis of vegetables. When vegetable farmers use it, they should flexibly control the light intensity and temperature according to the weather conditions and the requirements of the different growth periods of the vegetables. Cover on sunny days and uncover on cloudy days; cover at noon and uncover sooner or later; cover at the early stage and uncover at the later stage of growth. If it is rainy and the temperature is not too high, you may not need to cover it all day long, but it must be covered in time to avoid tomato damage in long overcast and sunny weather. On the contrary, if the covering time is too long, it will affect the photosynthesis of the tomato, which is not conducive to the normal results.

Use greenhouse cooling agent. Combined with the light intensity in the early summer season, vegetable farmers should strictly follow the instructions for use and mix the appropriate concentration before spraying. As the light intensity increases, vegetable farmers can re-spray again to ensure adequate shading effect.

Increase ventilation. In fine weather, vegetable farmers should let the wind out early, gradually expand the large air vents, and combine the types of vegetables to ensure that the temperature in the shed is maintained below 30-32°C to avoid high temperature barriers for vegetables. Insect netting factors should also be considered when air is released, and the width of the air outlet should be appropriately increased to reduce the influence of insect netting on the ventilation effect. When the roof air vent is not enough to cool down, the vegetable grower should also open the front face canopy to ventilate, but it needs to be done under the premise of adding an anti-insect net. In actual production, Xu Lanming, Gucheng Street, Weifang City, Shandong Province, once replaced the insect screen with a sunshade net. Because the sunshade net is black, it can not only cool down the temperature, but also play a role in avoiding pests, and the effect is very good.

Lower the night temperature. Strong light has an inhibitory effect on the growth of vegetables, and under high temperature and low light conditions, vegetables will grow excessively. Therefore, rainy weather and high night temperature are the culprits. Shading the big shed during the day reduces the temperature of the shed, also reduces the heat storage of the shed, and reduces the temperature at night. In addition, laying rice husks and crushing straws in the operation line can reduce ground heat storage during the day and reduce water evaporation, which also has a certain effect on reducing night temperature. At the same time, the amount of water evaporation in summer is large, and the night temperature can be well reduced through the method of small water and frequent watering.

Maintaining roots and leaves, improving absorption capacity and root stress resistance. In the later stage of growth, the root function of most vegetables begins to decline gradually. It is recommended that vegetable farmers cultivate the root system by flushing or irrigating the roots to supplement the roots with the required nutrients. It should be noted that no matter what kind of rooting and rooting fertilizer you choose, it is recommended to go to regular agricultural supplies stores and purchase products from regular enterprises. Try not to use hormone-containing rooting fertilizers cheaply, otherwise it will accelerate the premature aging of the root system and affect the normal root system. The nutrient absorption capacity. In addition, vegetables grow faster after the summer, and the demand for fertilizer and water increases. In normal management, we must also pay attention to reasonable watering to prevent the roots and root damage caused by excessive watering or improper watering time.

Promote leaf photosynthesis "roots rely on leaves". To maintain the leaves and promote the photosynthesis of the leaves, there are mainly two aspects. One is to ensure sufficient leaf area to obtain sufficient photosynthetic nutrients. This requires vegetable farmers not to thin the leaves too hard at one time to save trouble, but to do it in stages, only picking the lower aged leaves, yellow leaves, diseased and insect leaves, etc., and leaving a few functional leaves on the lower part of the fruit. Conducive to the synthesis and transportation of nutrients, to ensure that the fruit can mature smoothly. After thinning the leaves, it can achieve the purpose of "the upper leaves are too many but not crowded, and the lower leaves are sharp and powerful". The second is to spray functional or medium-trace element foliar fertilizers to maintain the leaves and delay the senescence of the leaves. At the same time, it also plays a role in quickly replenishing nutrients and promoting the development of flowers and fruits. When the root absorption capacity is weak, or when it is inconvenient to flush fertilizer in bad weather, you can spray full-nutrition foliar fertilizer and chelated trace element foliar fertilizer in advance to supplement what the leaves need, improve photosynthetic efficiency, and avoid lack of nutrients. The yellow leaves increase the accumulation of nutrients and accelerate the expansion of the fruit.

Balanced supply of water and fertilizer combined with spraying and spraying, and comprehensive fertilizer supplementation For vegetables in the fruiting period, nutrients should be supplemented reasonably according to the law of their needs, and spraying and spraying combined with fertilization. Taking pepper as an example, the demand ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 5:1:10, and the amount of potassium fertilizer is high, which is about 2-2.5 times that of nitrogen fertilizer. Therefore, we must pay attention to the amount of potassium fertilizer when fertilizing, to avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, which will cause plants to grow, yield and quality decline. According to the law that peppers have a large demand for potassium fertilizer after they enter the flowering and fruit period, high-potassium water-soluble fertilizers can be applied along with water. For example, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium required by cucumber during the fruiting period is 1.2:1:1.5. Unlike solanaceous fruits, vegetative growth and reproductive growth of melons and vegetables enter the flowering and fruit stage. Fruit vegetables should be small. Therefore, when fertilizing melons and vegetables, balanced fertilizers are mainly used. According to the law of fertilizer requirements of melons and vegetables, the demand for potassium in the flowering and fruiting period is increasing, so high-potassium fertilizers can be used interspersed during the period. At the same time, when there is a lack of medium and trace elements, it is recommended to use the method of foliar spray to facilitate quick supplementation.

Supplementing medium and trace elements in a timely manner, continuous planting and partial fertilization habits, often causes the symptoms of lack of medium and trace elements in vegetables, which should arouse the attention of vegetable farmers. Middle element calcium, magnesium, etc. can be flushed with water along with a large number of elements, while foliar spraying of trace elements such as iron and boron can meet the needs of vegetables. For trace elements such as copper and manganese, the pesticides sprayed daily can also meet the growth needs of vegetables. Therefore, vegetable farmers do not need to supplement them.

Use reasonable water to replenish vegetables in summer. Vegetable farmers can start from many aspects, such as spraying water from a sprinkler system, frequently pouring small water, and replenishing water after a long period of time. It can not only replenish water but also lower the temperature of the shed.

Reasonably retain fruits, thin fruits and produce more high-quality fruits. Timely thinning small fruits and deformed fruits on the plant should be removed in time, try to keep high-quality fruits, reduce unnecessary nutrient consumption, and promote the growth of plant vines. For plants with normal growth, it is recommended that vegetable growers choose good flowers as much as possible when dipping (dipping) flowers. When there are few flowers, they can choose more flowers. However, after the fruits are seated, they must retain fruits reasonably according to the growth of the plants to ensure the rate of high-quality fruits. For weaker plants, vegetable farmers should have fewer flowers (dip). If the plants have shown signs of premature aging, the vegetable grower should temporarily stop decimating or dipping flowers, and remove the female and male flowers on the plant as much as possible to reduce nutrient consumption, so that the nutrients produced by the leaves can be concentrated to supply the plant's vegetative growth and promote the restoration of plant growth. Then proceed to normal fruit retention.

Flexible adjustment of the number and methods of retention of fruits During the middle and late stages of retention, the growth of plants can be adjusted by the number of retention, different retention methods, or picking time to ensure that after retention of the fruits, the plants can synthesize sufficient organic nutrients to supply the fruits. For example, in Handan, Hebei, a large crop of tomatoes is the main plant. Vegetable farmers adopt different fruit retention methods based on different markets and seasons. In the early stage of tomato growth, the main branch and fruit are adopted to ensure the concentrated supply of nutrients to the fruit; when the temperature rises When the tomato has entered the late stage of growth, the main side branches are synchronized to increase the overall yield, that is, when the smallest fruit of the main branch expands to the egg, then 1-2 strong and strong side branches are selected from the middle and upper parts of the two main branches. Keep the fruit, so that the fruit of the tomato can also have a good yield in the later stage.

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Pelvic External Fixation

There are two kinds of external fixations for pelvic fractures, namely temporary fixation and therapeutic fixation.

Temporary fixation depends on on-site assistance. Assuming that the patient has serious open injury, severe hemorrhagic shock, and serious fracture dislocation, the rescue personnel will provide temporary external fixation support to maintain the stability of the pelvis, reduce secondary injuries, and correct the continuous aggravation of hemorrhagic loss on the scene. The therapeutic external fixation stent is used to correct the dislocation of the fracture through routine examination after admission, evaluation of the injury, and external fixation installation through treatment, maintain the relative stability of the fracture, create a very quiet environment for the fracture healing, and lay the foundation for the healing of the fracture. External fixation is an important method for pelvic fractures.

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