In these two days, the howling cold wind from Siberia blew across China's rivers from north to south, freezing across the country, and it became necessary to improve the thermal insulation of the shed. It is recommended that vegetable farmers keep the shed from the following five aspects.

Back wall and rear roof insulation

First, pay attention to wall insulation, especially external wall insulation. At present, the minimum standard for the thickness of a greenhouse wall is the largest local frozen soil layer plus 50 cm.

Secondly, the back wall has multiple layers of maintenance. This is easily overlooked by vegetable farmers. Most vegetable farmers believe that the back wall of the greenhouse is thick and strong, and it requires no maintenance, which is actually wrong. Because the back wall of the greenhouse is on the backside, there is less light, and the snow melts slowly after snowing. The melted snow water seeps into the back wall of the greenhouse, which will inevitably affect the stability of the rear wall and reduce the temperature of the greenhouse. Therefore, it is recommended that the back wall be covered with waste plastic film and non-woven fabric, so that not only can prevent snow in winter, but also greatly improve the insulation effect of the back wall.

Secondly, the insulation of the roof behind the greenhouse is also crucial. It is recommended that the roof be renovated after a long-lost greenhouse. In addition to replacing this part of the thermal insulation material, it is wrapped with a plastic film, which is not only insulated, windproof, but also protected from rain and snow. The effect is good.

Multi-methods for shed and shed insulation

First, the shed surface should be insulated with multiple layers. In case of continuous rain or snow or cold currents, be sure to cover the greenhouse with a double layer or cover the front of the greenhouse with a layer of grass and a layer of plastic film. By using the method of grasshopper + quilt and covering film, the indoor temperature on sunny days and nights can be increased by 1 ℃ ~ 2 ℃ than without film, and on rainy and snowy days, it can be increased by 2 ℃ ~ 4 ℃. Some experienced vegetable farmers set up sheds or spread them between vegetable rows.

Mulch, wheat bran, wheat

And other methods to increase greenhouse temperature and promote root growth.

Second, hang a reflective curtain. Because the increase in indoor temperature mainly depends on sunlight, the increase in the amount of incident sunlight will significantly increase the temperature in the shed. Therefore, in addition to using no dripping film, adjusting the building orientation correctly, reducing the shading of building materials, and often keeping the shed film clean In addition, the use of reflective screens can increase the temperature in the shed by 1 ° C to 2 ° C. In terms of management, the winter and spring production should be opened about 1 hour after the sunny day and sunrise, and the cover should be opened in time to see the light. Even in cloudy or low-temperature weather, the cover such as grasshoppers should be properly opened to win light and increase room temperature. After the rain, rain and snow turn fine, you should pay attention to slow seedlings of vegetables, pull grass curtains and foliar topdressing at intervals to reduce foliar transpiration and prevent plants from wilt.

In addition, conditional vegetable farmers can also discharge heaters in the shed to increase the temperature in the shed. In addition, some farmers have set up heating bulbs in the shed, which can also play a role in raising the temperature.

Face insulation in front of the shed

In the low temperature season, there are many problems in front of the greenhouse. Due to the “┓” -shaped structure of the front face, the water drops inside the shed film dripped on the front face, causing excessive humidity; the roller shutter machine frequently climbed and dropped from here, causing wear and tear on the shed film, resulting in a large number of damaged holes, which caused the front face to ventilate and ventilate. , Thermal insulation is reduced. Therefore, in the low temperature season of winter and spring, the growth of vegetables in Qianlian is generally poor, and it often becomes a hidden place and a source of disease transmission.

Therefore, to improve the airtightness of the front face of the greenhouse, it is recommended to start from the following aspects.

First of all, digging a "cold ditch" in the front of the shed can reduce heat loss, especially beneficial to the growth of vegetables in the front of the shed.

Secondly, the front face skeleton must be leveled, and the front face and skeleton must be soft-wrapped. To ensure the flatness of the front face skeleton can be achieved by welding angle iron on the front face steel pipe, and the neat angle iron can be used to clamp the top of the skeleton to achieve the neatness of the skeleton. The front pillars, steel pipes, and the top of the skeleton must be wrapped with soft materials such as old clothing and waste fabrics to prevent the front film from being damaged by hard objects under the roof covering.

Again, lay a protective curtain on the outside of the front face. There are usually two types of protective curtains, one is old straw curtain, and the other is non-woven fabric. However, the use of non-woven fabric as a protective curtain is better. The installation method is as follows: first determine the width of the non-woven fabric, the upper end generally exceeds the front face corner by about 20 cm, and the bottom reaches 20 cm after reaching the ground. Then put a wire on the top side of the non-woven fabric, fasten one end, and detach the other end. Pull up to protect the front face when in use, and drop it on the ground when not in use.

In addition, in order to improve the protection effect, a layer of film can be placed on the front face where it is most subject to abrasion, or a thermal insulation film can be installed inside the front face to block cold air entering from the damaged place.

East-West Gable Insulation

The protection of the gables on both sides of the greenhouse is generally covered with plastic film. One is to prevent rainwater from washing and damaging the wall, and the other is to block the wind from penetrating the wall, which is beneficial to the insulation of the shed. However, vegetable farmers can easily break the film on the mountain wall during agricultural operations such as putting up grasshoppers and blowing wind in the upper shed. After the holes in the film appear, not only the thermal insulation effect will be affected, but rain will also scour the wall along the hole, causing damage and affecting the service life of the gable wall.

In this case, it is recommended to cover another layer of non-woven fabric on the film of the shed gable wall. This way, not only can you avoid stepping on the film directly when you go up or down the shed, but also resist the cold wind in winter and keep the greenhouse warm. Heart is practical. It should be noted that this layer of non-woven fabric must be fixed and can be compacted with an abandoned cement column to prevent it from being blown by the strong wind.

Shed Insulation

The doorway of the greenhouse is set differently in different areas, some are located on the front face, some are located on the back of the gable wall, and some are located on the back wall. If the shed is located on the front face, it is recommended to cover a bed of grass or heat insulation quilt outside the door to reduce heat dissipation; if the shed is behind the gable wall, heat insulation quilts can be installed on both sides of the aisle; On the back wall, it is best to build a shed hut, which can be used as a storage room and prevent cold wind from blowing into the shed.

Link: Vegetable Management Essentials in Sheds after the Cold Tide

Avoid dramatic changes in temperature and light to gradually increase light, increase greenhouse temperature, and avoid rapid environmental changes. After the cold wave, the weather is clear, the light is strong, and the temperature rises quickly, but the plants have not recovered. If the temperature is too fast, it will only aggravate the damage to the vegetables. It is necessary to increase the light gradually and increase the temperature to ensure that the leaf functions gradually recover. If the vegetable farmer is chilled or frozen, the temperature will be raised immediately after the sunny day, which will cause the temperature in the shed to be too high, and the changes will be too drastic.

Strengthen the management of fertilizer and water Do not immediately water and topdress the plants after being chilled. You can apply suspended calcium and rhizogens, etc., together with high nitrogen and water-soluble fertilizers to promote root regeneration 3-4 days after the weather improves. In addition, you must pay attention to foliar topdressing. You can spray suspended calcium 1000 times, alginic acid 500 times, and sugar 200 times immediately after the damage. It can immediately supplement leaf nutrition and promote leaf function recovery.

Timely prevention and control of diseases and insects After chilling damage, the disease resistance of vegetables is reduced, which is likely to cause disease epidemics, such as gray mold and root rot. Fungi and other diseases that are mainly transmitted through the air can be fumigated with air disinfection tablets to reduce the spread of germs. If the disease has already occurred, spray it with medicine in advance, and do not wait until the disease outbreak before controlling.

Preventing phytotoxicity After cloudy weather turns clear, greenhouse vegetables should not spray chemical pesticides that are prone to phytotoxicity immediately. Due to the poor photosynthesis of the leaves of the vegetables over a long cloudy day, the photosynthesis cannot even be carried out. As a result, the leaves of the vegetables are thin, yellow and tender, the fibrous tissue is weak, and the drug resistance is poor. At this time, spraying the pesticide can easily cause damage to the vegetables. Therefore, after the cloudy day suddenly clears, you must be careful not to rush to spray, it is best to spray again in 1 to 2 days. At this time, the vegetables have adapted to the changes in the environment, and the ability to resist stress will not increase. Pharm damage has occurred again.

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